RNA polymerase

the Pandemic. Unlike the H1N1, the Spanish influenza has the ability to replicate with the absence of trypsin. A series of tests were conducted to determine the virulence of this virus. The research done in this article was retrieved by Genomic RNA.…

Transcription in prokaryotes requires the formation of the holoenzyme RNA polymerase (holoRNAP), which consists of a core enzyme and a σ subunit. The core enzyme consists of 5 subunits: 2 copies of α, which assemble the enzyme and bind regulatory factors; one copy of β, which has polymerase activity of RNA chain initiation and elongation; one copy of β’, which binds nonspecifically to DNA; and omega. An active center where RNA synthesis occurs is located within the DNA binding channel formed by…

In organic phosphate (Pi) is the mixture of HPO2-4 and H2PO4-1 ions. By the hydrolysis of pyrophosphates, inorganic phosphates can be created. P2O-47 + H2O 2 HPO-24 Phosphates are most commonly present in DNA, RNA and in adenosine phosphates (ATP,ADP and AMP) and released during hydrolysis of ATP or ADP. In living organisms, phosphoanhydride bond in ATP, ADP and other nucleotide triphosphates and diphosphates provides high energy to them . Phosphates are…

Coronavirus comes from the family of coronaviridae, they are pathogens found in birds and mammals. Coronaviruses is a positive sense RNA virus and it was classified into four genera: Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Gammacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus. There are many human types of the virus, for example, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV. SARS-CoV is a Severe acute respiratory syndrome. The Severe acute respiratory was found in 2003 when it first hit China and caused a big outbreak. Studies have shown…

It is a small, enveloped, single stranded RNA virus of the Flaviviridae family.2 It affects more than 170 million people worldwide most commonly in Africa, East and Central Asia, up to 80% are unable to clear the virus which leads to a chronic infection.3 Chronic infections lead to liver disease…

because DNA polymerase cannot attach to any place and begin copying. As DNA primase crosses the primers, they attach themselves to the strand and begin adding nucleotides. The marker band sizes for the PCR are as follows: the smallest band size is 100, the largest is 1000 and the steps/increments of the markers increase by 100. 0.1pM of each sample from patients were used. The annealing temperature was set to 55oC and the denaturing temperature was 96oC. It is at 96oC because the DNA polymerase…

Antibiotic sensitivity is the susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotics. Susceptibility can vary within bacteria of the same species due to different strains; with some strains being more resistant than others. Antimicrobial resistance is the ability of a microorganism to survive and multiply in the presence of an antimicrobial agent that would normally inhibit or kill this species of microorganism. Antibiotic susceptibility tests are done in order to determine, which specific antimicrobials…

is orchestrated by enzymes called polymerases. Both types of organisms also follow a pattern called semi-conservative replication. In this pattern, the individual strands of DNA are manufactured in different directions, producing a leading and a lagging strand. Lagging strands are created by the production of small DNA fragments called Okazaki fragments that are eventually joined together. Both types of organisms also begin new DNA strands with a small primer of RNA. (Taylor, 2017) Differences…

of 89 healthy individuals and 92 patients with breast cancer (RNA quality or quantity was insufficient for expression study in 8 out of the 100 samples, which will be the subject of future investigation; thus the final analyses included 92 cases out of the 100). To determine the differences in the relative expression profiles, we performed univariate analyses using the Mann Whitney-U test. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays confirmed this finding. As shown in…

In Vitro Fertilization and Cas9 By Cody Dyess ENC1102 Professor Rivers 11/20/17 Outline I) Introduction A) Gene therapy B) Thesis statement: Cas9 should be used for gene therapy in in vitro fertilization to stop genetic disorders from developing in children. II) Defining what Cas9 is III) The history of Cas9 IV) Defining in vitro fertilization and its history A) Discovery B) Implementation V) Merging Cas9 with in vitro fertilization VI) Results of Cas9 against disease VII) Cas9’s…