RNA polymerase I

DNA is our genetic code, it is permanent and unchangeable. Epigenetics are the mechanisms that influence DNA, it is the device that inhibits or increases our gene expression. Epigenetics can be influenced by many factors, for example nutrition and stress. Although the actual makeup of our genetic code isn’t changed by these factors, the extent to which the genes are expressed can be (Rettner, 2013). Epigeneticist Moshe Szyf highlighted the ways in which different behaviors can influence…

i. The concern of gene trapping bias against developmental process later stage. Mouse ES gene trapping technology depends on mouse ES cells for screening gene trapping mutations, the genes of interest have to be expressed in mouse ES cells in order for…

Thus, the genetic code is the basis of the central dogma of molecular biology. Central dogma is nothing but the flow of genetic information in all living cells including human cells from DNA to RNA to proteins. The central dogma There are three classes of sequential biopolymers that encode information: DNA, RNA, and protein. The central dogma of microbiology describes the ways in which information flows among these three classes: DNA replication (DNA to DNA), transcription…

Unit 18 - Genetics (Assignment 1) Task 1. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA for short) is genetic material that carry’s the majority of information for development growth and many other functions. DNA is located in the nucleus of a cell. DNA has a double helix structure and is formed by a series of bases these are Adenine , Cytosine , Guanine and Thymine. These bases have a basic pattern when forming DNA. Adenine will only join to Thymine when in DNA and Cytosine will only join to Guanine when in…

RNA polymerase attaches itself to a template of DNA and then go into base pairing, synthesizes mRNA or messenger RNA. This is called transcription, as the DNA code being transcribed into mRNA code. RNA replaces Thymine for Uracil during base pairing. 4. mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm this goo like part of the cell where ribosomes can…

Progeria, otherwise known as Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria syndrome , is a rare disorder that causes children to age eight times faster than a normal person. This disease affect only 350 kids today. It was discovered by Jonathan Hutchinson in England in 1886 and was first called Progeria by Hastings Gilford. It was then named Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria syndrome. The name Progeria is taken from a Greek word that means "prematurely old". It is an autosomal recessive disorder, meaning that an…

This paper is going to describe the replication of DNA and RNA and the processes of transcription and translation of protein synthesis. What is DNA? DNA is a nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in cells and some viruses, consisting of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine. DNA sequences are replicated by the cell prior to cell division and may include genes,…

It’s important to realize that each scientific break through is made possible by the work that came before it. It’s a lot like putting puzzle pieces together, collecting different important evidence until enough puzzle pieces result in another break through. Fifty years ago two scientists announced to a lunch time crowd that they had discovered the secret to life. How DNA changed the world To begin with scientists used to have no understanding of what caused distinct patterns of inheritance.…

for secretion that is cleaved upon internalization into the endoplasmic reticulum or into the periplasm as in bacteria (Dennis et al., 2011; Cavazzini et al., 2013). Based on structural and functional properties, sPLA2 has been grouped into classes I, II, III, V, IX to XIII while cPLA2 is included in the remaining IV, VI, VII and VIII classes (Matoba et al., 2002). The sPLA2 enzymes were first identified in mammalian pancreatic juice and cobra venoms, and subsequently they were also widely…

When we think “polymer”, we should not limit ourselves to its biological applications; polymers can do so much more. Polymers are the “recipe for life.” We find them everywhere we look. For example, turn to your friend. What is he or she made of? The answer is polymers. Polymers make up essential molecules in our bodies, such as proteins or nucleic acids. They may be microscopic, but their functions in our bodies are important. Background Information There is so much more to being…