RNA interference

The Violinist Thumb is a book by Sam Kean that describes how DNA, and heredity function. The book is divided into four parts. Part one describes the basics of heredity. It goes into detail about base pairs, amino acids, RNA, and the such to give readers an overview of the system of heredity. One of my favorite stories from part one is the story of Tsutomu Yamaguchi, who survived both atomic explosions in Japan during World War II, and lived into his nineties. Part two discusses adaptations,…

1. Using Rosalind Franklin’s X-ray pictures James and Francis redeveloped the Watson - Crick Model that shows that a DNA molecule forms a double-helix. Together they hypothesised that if the strands were separated lose floating nucleotides would attach to their complimentary nitrogenous bases forming a template, which is the process of DNA replication. Their findings were published in the scientific nature journal April 1953. Crick had made an important discovery to the understanding of protein…

John Watson and together they solved the structure of DNA using available X-ray data at the time and model building. After discovering the double helix model, Crick and fellow scientists were members of the informal "RNA tie club," which was created in order "to solve the riddle of RNA structure, and to understand the way it builds proteins." The club’s primary subject was on the "Central Dogma" which stated that DNA was…

The inheritance of genes is vital to our existence. Genes are hereditary units containing DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and are passed from parent to offspring. The DNA provides instructions for the formation of proteins and as a result, genes are the main element responsible for the different traits we acquire as we mature. Genes are contained in chromosomes. There are 46 chromosomes in each cell (bar the gametes) and each chromosome contains a single long strand of DNA with thousands of genes…

and also its function. The expression must be controlled by some kind of regulation in the processes of transcription and translation. For example, in transcription, enhancer sequences provide binding sites for regulatory proteins that will affect RNA polymerase activity. On a related note, the size of proteins can be analyzed using SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel). This technique is useful since it denatures and coats each protein being tested with the same charge, using β-…

3.3.1 POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is the most common DNA amplification method in molecular biology, it was invented by Kary Mullis while working in Emeryville, California for Cetus Corporation, one of the first biotechnology companies. His invention won him a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1993. PCR has revolutionized the field of molecular biology as it has enabled researchers to perform experiments easily that previously had been unthinkable. Before the mid-1980s…

Introduction Nucleotide is a building block for deoxyribose nucleic acids which is called DNA that has four base units,adenin(A) ,thymine(T) ,guanine(G), cytosine(C). The nucleotides can bond with their base pairs(A=T,G=C) to form a linear strand that is supported by sugar-phosphate backbone. In the linear strand, some of three base sequence is a codon and each codon is related to an amino acid. These codons come together in a linear sequence and create a gene. Gene can be called as cipher that…

Amino acids Amino acids are building block s of proteins. Each amino acid contains main three structural components. 1) Amino group 2) Carboxcilic group 3) R group Figure 1 https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=amino+acids&view=detailv2&&id=072990A13D7C6B29926E0FC3F9E9BE59C8A6322E 2016 R can be hydrogen or any other functional group .in world there are around 182-200 found to be present in nature but we can find 20 aminoacids in…

determination and cell differentiation (Jablonka & Raz, 2009). Narrowly defined, epigenetics refers to the scientific approach concerned with changes in the cell’s transcriptional potential through DNA-methylation, chromatin modulation and non-coding RNAs related gene silencing. Epigenetics could give us clues to solve some long-standing mysteries that go beyond boundaries of genetics, such as cellular identity,…

with (xl3). prbp3: third dsRBD of protamine binding protein, trbp3: third dsRBD of TAR-RNA binding protein, Dros: a dsRBD from a Drosophila protein of unknown function. DMStau, a type B dsRBD from Drosophila Staufen protein 4.4. Different activities between Xlrbpa and PACT In this work we could show that Xlrbpa inhibits human PKR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells and that this inhibition is due to the RNA binding-ability of Xlrbpa. Others have cloned the human homologue of Xlrbpa, PACT from…