Richter magnitude scale

The Nation's critical infrastructure is diverse and complex. It includes distributed networks, varied organizational structures and operating models (including multinational ownership), interdependent functions and systems in both the physical space and cyberspace, and governance constructs that involve multi-level authorities, responsibilities, and regulations. Critical infrastructure owners and operators are uniquely positioned to manage risks to their individual operations and assets, and to…

On the morning of February 28, 2001 the Pacific Northwest was hit by a 45 second, 6.8 magnitude intraslab earthquake called the Nisqually or “The Ash Wednesday” earthquake. The Nisqually earthquake occurred when the Juan de Fuca plate subducted under the North American plate, this quickly released the built up strain. This was caused by mineral changes as the plate moved farther into the mantle. The Nisqually earthquake hit the southern end of Puget Sound causing damage to the ports of Seattle…

An earthquake of 9.3 magnitudes on the Richter scale erupted in December 26, 2004 on the floor of the Indian Ocean (Shuman, 2015). An Impressive tsunami followed the seism some hours later, and was responsible of massive deaths and missing, property destructions, and environmental issues which extended to fourteen countries in Asia and Africa. The disaster showed the inexistence of emergency programs in most of the affected countries, and thus, these countries were dependent on the international…

A tsunami occurred recently along the coastline of Chile on September 16, 2015. The magnitude of the earthquake beforehand was an 8.3, a very high marking on the Richter scale. Fortunately, no damage was reported from the tsunami in Chile (The Weather Channel, 2015). The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported that a 31 inch high wave had been seen off the coast of Iwate, a district…

suddenly occurring in low to minimal seismic activity states. In an article by Newsweek Global called “The Earth Moved, And It’s Our Fault” says, “But in Oklahoma in 2011, a magnitude-5.7 injection-induced earthquake —the strongest in the state’s history—destroyed 13 homes and injured two. The same year, Arkansas was hit with a magnitude-4.7 quake, along with thousands of other smaller tremors, causing the…

2010 Haitian Earthquake ○ Where and how: The infamous 2010 earthquake occurred 25km from Port-au-Prince, Haiti’s capital. This region was the most densely populated area of the country, which increased the impact of this event significantly. The earthquake struck at 4:53pm local time on the 12th of January, with a depth of around 13km. This relatively shallow depth meant that most of the energy of the earthquake was released close to the surface, resulting in a devastating catastrophe. The event…

In Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, Philo argues that the best and only method of giving someone a sense of religion, or an idea of it, one must use representations of man’s misery, and what he call wickedness. That exaggeration of past events, particularly those that involve some degree of pain and sorrow, are easy for man to relate to. Nevertheless, Cleanthes proceeds to argue that this is not the case, as he has not felt an abundant deal of anxious feelings. He then proceeds to describe…

horrible nightmare comes true, even worse than you dreamed. That was the real situation for more than three million people, in one of the poorest countries. That case occurred in Haiti. In January, 2010 a devastating earthquake of 7.0 magnitude on the Richter scale, overwhelmed this country and directly affected almost the whole population in Haiti. This event is considered as the worst earthquake in Haiti, and one of the worst human catastrophes, in the poorest country of the American Continent…

Japan Earthquake and Tsunami March 11, 2011 A 9.0 Richter scale earthquake occurred off of the coast of Japan causing a massive tsunami that would hit the eastern coast in the Fukashima District. According to Kapucu, N., & Özerdem, A. (2013) “The damage from the earthquake alone is believed to be limited due to the country’s strong building designs and strict building codes that are followed during construction. However, the thirty five foot wall of sea water that crashed onto the shore…

again due to trade agreements that they had signed with the likes of USA, which was giving their exports and economy the necessary push, the economy was sent back into turmoil. On the 12th of January 2010, an earthquake clocking a magnitude of 7.3 on the Richter scale, struck just 25 kilometres south-west…