Reverse osmosis

Using salt solutions to observe osmosis in potatoes. D’OnJanea Washington Abstract In the lab we will be using potatoes. Potatoes are members of the family Solanaceae. Solanaceous plants originated in the new world, and the potato and its relatives were first introduced to Europe in the 16th century. The edible part of a potato, the tuber, is derived from the potato stem. It is rich is starch and has some protein just under the skin. These nutrients are stored in the potato and are intended…

or active transport. While plant cells have a cell wall to combat high concentrations of water, animal cells only have a cell membrane. This lack of support can make a hypotonic animal cell expand and burst. A hypertonic animal cell will undergo osmosis and release water eventually causing the cell to shrivel up and shrink. Both of these results make it extremely important for animal cells to reach equilibrium or isotonic levels. Place 4 full pipettes of starch into a small beaker. Use a pipette…

The factor that determined the rate and direction of osmosis in the experiment was the amount of solute in the dialysis tube. This is shown through the amount of water that transferred into the dialysis tube as the sucrose concentration was raised. As the ratio from solute to water was heightened (as shown within the graph and data table), the amount of water that was transferred into the dialysis tube increased. From the data collected, it can be concluded that water and solute will move…

Sodium polyacrylate is a polymer with a unique structure, that chemists are leveraging in a variety of lucrative industrial applications. Sodium polyacrylate possesses a unique chemical property: the ability to absorb incredible amounts of water. It can absorb 300 to 800 times its weight in water (Superabsorbent Polymers). Industrial chemists have taken advantage of the polymer’s special function, and have incorporated it into dozens of different products. In fact, the industry behind…

first part of the lab we were able to study the diffusion of various carbohydrates and the osmosis of water. Diffusion is the process of small molecules moving through a semipermeable membrane while osmosis of water is the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from an area of high water potential (low solute potential) to an area of low water potential (high solute potential). Both diffusion and osmosis move in the direction that would create equilibrium on both sides of the…

Analyzing Various Permeable Bags Placed in Different Concentrations of Water and Sucrose Introduction Osmosis is defined as the movement of water from a region of water that has a higher potential to a region of water that has a lower potential through semipermeable membranes. There are three types of solutions, hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic. Hypertonic solutions have a higher concentration of solute while hypotonic solutions have a lower concentration of solute. Isotonic solutions have…

This occurs because according to osmosis, water moves down its concentration gradient from a low solute concentration to a solution with a high solute concentration. In addition, an increase in the mass of the potatoes occurs because the highly concentrated solutions were hypertonic. Potatoes…

Introduction: All living organisms require the process of osmosis in order to live. When there is a semi-permeable membrane separating differing parts of an aqueous solution, the fluid will flow from the section with the higher osmotic pressure to the section with the lower osmotic pressure (HammelSchlege2005). This happens because the solute molecules diffuse toward the fluid with a lower concentration and the solute molecules drag the water through which they diffuse (HammelSchlege2005). This…

Observing Osmosis INTRODUCTION Osmosis is the “diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane” (Raven et al. G-16). In this experiment, dialysis tubing was used to mimic the selectively permeable membrane to show what osmosis does when placed in different solutes. We filled dialysis tubes fill with different percentages of solute and placed them in beakers full of a different solute. Through this experiment, I saw what happens when the solution becomes hypertonic, hypotonic, and…

Abstract This lab was conducted in order to determine the molarity of sucrose concentration where the mass of 2cm^3 of Classic Russet potato segments and pear segments does not change, representing an isotonic concentration. By calculating the change of mass of the potato segment and pear segments prior to being placed in the sucrose solution against the mass after being in the sucrose solution for 45 minutes. Our goal was to determine what type of osmotic concentration was created as compared…