Retina

restore the entire field of vision. Most retinal prosthetics are comprised of a collection of electrodes that function in the same way that a photoreceptor cell in the retina would (Pezaris et al, 2009). The electrode fit on to a small surface and do not require surgical attachment to the eye, they are just imbedded in the retina. Light stimulates the implant, which in turn releases an electrical impulse to the surrounding nerve endings, which are then collected and transmitted to the brain to…

focuses the light on the film and when the light hits the film, an image was created. This idea is same with a normal eye. When light rays enter the eye through the pupil, it is focused on the cornea and lens into the retina. Retina acts like the film of the camera. When light hits the retina, tiny cells collect the signals and create electrical signal. The signal is transmitted through the brain with the help of the…

leaves a person completely unable to see any color. Total color blindness leaves people seeing things only in black, white and gray. Total color blindness comes from a condition called rod monochromacy. Rod Monochromacy is where the rod cells in the retina are present and functional, but all types of cones are either not working properly or missing. Rod monochromacy is very rare, it is thought to only occur in around 0.003% of people or less (National Eye Institute,…

Humans rely on the use of five senses to understand the world around us; taste, touch, sight, hearing and smell. One of the most used in our daily life is sight. Just take a moment and think about every thing you have seen since you got up this morning. Although you might not know it there is a complex proses of perceiving being done by your eyes each time you open them. Everyday our brains are overwhelmed with all of the images provided by our eyes. So how do we make sense of what is important…

To experience the surrounding world, the human body uses biological systems, senses, to interpret external stimuli and form a coherent, tangible view. The senses consist of seeing, hearing, smelling, touching, and tasting, where seeing and hearing are the most crucial. The perception of the world is the brain’s ability to analyze the incoming sensation messages and relay them back; sensation is both the initial messages sent by the nerves and the complete resulting picture created by the brain.…

Congenital optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) is a condition in which one or both optic nerves are not fully developed, giving the appearance of abnormally small, pale optic nerve heads upon fundus examination (AAPOS, n.d.). In comparison to the size of the disc, the retinal blood vessels appear larger than normal, when in actuality the vasculature is of normal caliber (Kaur et al, 2013). This non-progressive developmental abnormality is typically characterized by a combination of neurological,…

RETINOBLASTOMA Retinoblastoma is “an embryonal tumor of developing photoreceptors” (Williams), and the majority of cases present in young children age five or younger. It is usually present at birth. Retinoblastoma can also be genetic in some cases. Only 150-350 cases present worldwide each year. It is one of the rarest forms of cancer. I chose to research this cancer because of its rarity. Originally, I wanted to research AML (acute myeloid leukemia), and quickly realized I craved to research…

The Sensory System is a very complex System in the body. There are several paths in the Sensory System from places like the eye,ear,skin,nose,etc. to the brain. I am going to tell you about the pathways from the ear to the brain, the eye to the brain, and the nose to the brain. Also, I am going to write about three Geico advertisements I watched and explain the message from the advertisement and what personal factors might be affecting my perception of the advertisements. The sound wave path…

headaches, and if their heads throbbed. They would again sit in darkness until their migraine returned to its original baseline. This process was repeated with each colored light, monitored through an ERG for the electrical signals generated in the retina and through an EEG for the electrical signals generated by the cortex and…

of the brain to change the normality of vision. However, I think of it as the overstimulation of blue and yellow cones of the left eye and red cones on the right eye. Cones are cells in the retina that interprets colours (Lilienfeld, 2015, pg144). When I focus on the green and red colour, the cones in my retina that is responsible for that colour are stimulated and as I look at them for a long period of time the cones will become overstimulated. The desert images seems like they are under red…