Research vessel

Lumen is very thin and only one red blood cell can pass through the lumen at a time, which slows the blood flow so substances can diffuse in and out. Finally, the endothelium is the thin flattened cell that lines the inner wall of all blood vessels. (Boundless) The differences between the Arteries, Vein, and Capillaries Vein consists of three covers: a cover of tissue on the outside, a cover of smooth epithelial cells on the inside and a cover of muscle in between. Veins transfers’ blood to…

sea level." Therefore our first questions are: how the human body can use the oxygen? Witch pathway needs Oxygen? Here we can introduce the entire aerobic pathway. How the oxygen pass from the lung to the blood? How the oxygen is carry in the blood vessel? Then how the oxygen crosses to pass in the organ that needs oxygen? Now we can start to talk about why we need oxygen for the performance? And the re-covery? Witch pathways are use for the 2 goal and what are the effects of a low…

health problem sometimes taking a long time to develop more serious health problems. Pulmonary Hypertension in the most basic and literal sense is defined as increased blood pressure (hypertension=High pressure) in the vasculature of the pulmonary vessels (Pulmonary=Of or relating to the lungs). It can be caused by a number of complications including heart valve failure, pulmonary emboli, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, hematologic disorders, as well as being idiopathic in some cases.…

As a mammal, kangaroo has a respiratory system similar to human respiratory system. They breathe though their nose and mouth. They have a diaphragm and a pair of lungs which are sealed in pleural membranes inside the chest cavity and protected by ribcage. The lowering of diaphragm and expanding of ribcage create a negative pressure in lungs to draw air into lungs, so-called inspiration. Their breathing is linked to their hopping. During locomotion, the diaphragm move up to push out air of…

All tissues in the body rely on oxygen (O2) that is transported in the blood to meet their metabolic needs. O2 is carried in two ways: dissolved or bound to hemoglobin. About 98% of oxygen is transported bound to hemoglobin. And the remaining 2% is carried in the dissolved state. Dissolved oxygen is the only form that diffuses across the cell membranes and produces a partial pressure (PO2) which drives diffusion. The transport of O2 involves the transfer from the alveoli to the pulmonary…

1. The epidemiology and pathophysiology of coronary artery disease The term cardiovascular disease covers a heterogeneous group of clinical syndromes that affects the heart and the circulatory system. Coronary artery disease (or ischemic heart disease) accounts for the greatest portion of cardiovascular diseases, and alone caused 8.2 million deaths globally in 2013 [1, 2], therefore it is the major cause of death worldwide. It remains responsible for about 30-35% of all deaths in individuals…

The heart is a complex organ that we need in order to pump blood to our body. The cardiac cycle and blood pressure (BP) are two things that greatly affect how our body can function. Both are a part of the circulatory system. There are many diseases that can affect the cardiac cycle and the BP. These diseases can affect our circulatory system, lungs, and our heart’s ability to function properly. When the cardiac cycle and BP are affected then the body is in danger of being greatly damaged. The…

My presentation is on Atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis was named in 1904 by Felix Marchand. Felix and his research team continued research, finding that cholesterol has a big impact on the risk of the disease. Their efforts caused many others to follow in their footsteps and continue research. Before we continue with this presentation, it is important for you to understand a few important terms. Plaque is a sticky material containing fat, cholesterol, and calcium An artery is a tube that…

By Daniel Ratliff, DO As a cardiologist, I focus on prevention and treatment of heart disease. However, I am often reminded when I see patients that cardiovascular health involves more than just treating the heart: It involves treating the blood flow of the entire body, from head to toe. Typically people’s attention centers on symptoms of the chest and chest pain. However, there are clues that if spotted early, may allow us to detect cardiovascular disease early. Symptoms including…

The heart is the organ that provides both blood and oxygen throughout the whole body. First, deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium via the vena cava and when the pressure inside the atrium becomes higher than that of the right ventricle, the tricuspid valve opens and allows the blood to flow from high to low pressure. The valve then closes to ensure blood only flows in one direction (Tandy 2017). After oxygenation, the blood enters the left atrium via the pulmonary veins and fills it until…