Renin

structures called carotid bodies and aortic bodies. They can detect changes of oxygen, carbon dioxide and acid concentration in the blood. Hormonal mechanisms also coordinate blood pressure for example when renin angiotensin-aldosterone blood volume decreases blood pressure also decreases so renin is secreted. The angiotensin-converting enzyme then produces a hormone called angiotensin 2 which increases the blood pressure. Vasoconstriction of blood vessel walls increases systemic vascular…

pressure, and perfusion to the kidneys leading to activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone cycle and the baroreceptors in the aortic arch, carotid sinus. This stimulates of vasomotor regulatory centers in the medulla, which in turn activates the sympathetic nervous system release of epinephrine and norepinephrine from the adrenal glands causing constriction of arteries to increase blood pressure. The activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone cycle leads to the retention of sodium…

lucidum that contribute to the lowering of blood pressure. In order to treat hypertensions on must lower blood pressure that is at a high rate into a more standard rate. The Angiotensin converting enzyme, also know as ACE, is a main component of the Renin angiotensin aldosterone system in…

What is Heart Failure? According to MayoClinic.Org,” Heart failure, sometimes referred to as congestive heart failure, occurs when your heart muscle doesn't pump blood as well as it should. Certain conditions, such as narrowed arteries in your heart (coronary artery disease) or high blood pressure, gradually leave your heart too weak or stiff to fill and pump efficiently.” Web. . January 12, 2016 There are contributing factors that can lead to heart failure such as coronary artery disease,…

Hypertension is a heterogeneous disorder that may result either from a specific cause (secondary hypertension) or from an underlying pathophysiologic mechanism of unknown etiology (primary or essential hypertension). Secondary hypertension accounts for fewer than 10% of cases, and most of these are caused by chronic kidney disease or renovascular disease. Other conditions causing secondary hypertension include pheochromocytoma, Cushing’s syndrome, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, primary…

specific stage of disease and to prevent progression from one stage to the next. However, in cases of CRS the outcomes for these patients are very poor due to one disease process exacerbating the progression of the other (Shiba & Shimokawa, 2011). Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) amplification resulting in the initiation of oxidases by angiotensin II (AT-II) in either the kidneys or the heart, aggravates inflammation in the other (Bock & Gottlieb,…

It also gathers minerals and releases them back into the bloodstream. During the filtering in the glomerulus and tubule, the kidneys make urine. The urine will carry the toxins out of the body. The kidneys also make the hormones, erythropoietin, renin, and vitamin D. These hormones help to make red blood cells, regulate blood pressure, and maintain bone health. Bladder-…

Heart failure is a common killer of both men and women in the United States every year. It is a very serious issue that plagues this country and other developed countries like it. Heart failure is a syndrome with many risk factors, such as, age, obesity, congenital heart diseases, and many others. A client is considered to be in heart failure, when their heart is unable to profuse tissues in the body with oxygenated and nutrient rich blood for tissue to sufficiently function. A client when…

TAQ 1 Explain the term Homeostasis. The term homeostasis is derived from two Greek words; homios meaning ‘the same’ and stasis meaning ‘steady’. It refers to the processes by which the body and internal cells seek to constantly maintain an internal state of balance and equilibrium even when faced with external environmental changes. This is achieved through either positive or negative feedback loop controls associated mainly with the endocrine and nervous systems. Principal homeostatic…

and androgen. Aldosteron regulate the potassium and sodium level by increasing sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys and it also causes excretion of potassium through the kidneys. Besides, aldosterol regulates the blood pressure through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.Cortisol stimulates gluconeogenesis in the liver and help to maintain a normal glucose concentration of the blood. It also stimulates lipolysis throughtout the body. Cortisol depresses the immune response and also…