Renin-angiotensin system

1.0 Introduction Natural ventilation is the process of supplying and removing air by means of purpose-provided aperture (such as openable windows, ventilators and shafts) and the natural forces of wind and temperature-difference pressures. In the process, fresh air is introduced and ventilated air is removed from an occupied space. The primary aim is to preserve the qualities of air. (Amit Gupta, 2006). It may also be used to lower the temperature inside an occupied area for thermal comfort.…

In Operant Conditioning some factual points that stood out to me were two-forms of positive and negative reinforcement and punishment. With the use of positive and negative reinforcement to increase or decrease a behavior could be rewarding in molding behaviors in most cases. With the use of operant conditioning, this could also be a great tool to use outside of the classroom. (Positive reinforcement) If a Childs (Behavior) is good during class (Consequence) a parent could praise them on it…

The Carbon Cycle Addition of carbon to the atmosphere Respiration: Through respiration, carbon dioxide can be added to the atmosphere. Living organisms use respiration to turn food into usable energy. Aerobic respiration requires oxygen to take place, and produces carbon dioxide, releasing it into the air and atmosphere. The energy taken from the food molecules following digestion is used to fuel the organism, additionally when mixed with oxygen, releases carbon dioxide when exhaling.…

CASE STUDY3: INFLIXIMAB & ITS BIOSIMILAR Infliximab is a chimeric, anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibody which is effective in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Infliximab is traded under the name “remicade” and is originally licensed by Janssen. It works by binding to TNF-α and inhibits the binding of TNF-α with its receptor. TNF-α is a cytokine (chemical messenger) that is involved in systemic inflammation. CT-P13 (brand name- inflectra) is a biosimilar of infliximab…

491 The revenue for 2013 was €963 million. The biggest income of TomTom are the portable navigation devices. But the demand for the portable navigation devices has fallen the past few years due to higher on the contrary of the automotive in-dash system and the paid navigation on smartphones. Key figures of 2013 (€ in millions) % of revenue REVENUE 963 100% GROSS RESULT 521 54% OPERATING EXPENSES 496 51% EBITDA 143 15% OPERATING RESULT (EBIT) 26 3% NET RESULT1 20 2% NET CASH 83 - 1…

Sound is a means of communication by animals. Many fishes are capable of producing sounds with the help of specialized structures. Fish have evolved the largest diversity of sound-producing mechanisms among vertebrates, and sounds are emitted in numerous contexts: e.g. disturbance situations, during courtship, competitive feeding and territorial encounters. Sounds are also produced unintentionally including those made as a by-product of feeding or swimming. The majority of sounds produced by…

Genetic parameters were estimated using B-spline functions in random regression models for weight of Large White pigs measured between the 3rd and 36th week of age. The model accounted for contemporary groups, parity and sex as fixed effects while random effects modelled were; animal genetic effect, permanent environmental effect and maternal genetic effect along with heterogeneous residual variances. Heritability estimates decreased with age from 0.37 at 3 weeks to 0.27 at 36 weeks. Weight…

Vitamin E is key for strong immunity and healthy skin and eyes. In recent years, vitamin E supplements have become popular as antioxidants. These are substances that protect cells from damage. However, the risks and benefits of taking vitamin E supplements are still unclear. Vitamin E benefits the body by acting as an antioxidant and protecting vitamins A and C, red blood cells, and essential fatty acids from destruction. Research from decades ago suggested that taking antioxidant supplements,…

Benefits of Vitamin C Vitamins are substances that the human body needs to grow and develop normally. (1) Vitamins are efficacious in preventing and curing a variety of ailments ranging from heart conditions, high cholesterol level, eye disorders to skin disorders. Generally, vitamins boost many of the metabolic mechanisms and perform functions that other nutrients don't. Vitamins can be acquired in various ways, commonly through the foods we eat. However, depending on the cuisine and…

Many argue that an economic market is required for the flourishing of a society and it gives an individual the right to liberty; whereas others argue saying that it is indeed an enemy of equality which widens the disparity between the rich and the poor. Most political philosophers or scholars have tried to find the balance between equality and the liberty served by the market. Dworkin suggests that an economic market is central to the development of any theory of equality of resources. The basis…