Renal cell carcinoma

Genetics To Down Syndrome Genetics describes the makeup of our cells, genes, chromosomes, and phenotypes. When there is alter in a gene or a duplication of a chromosome, it can lead to a certain diseases. One of the main diseases known today from a duplication of a chromosome is Down syndrome. John Down first put a name to Down syndrome in 1866, but artifacts from Mexico and Saxon documented some cases of Down syndrome in individuals, and also some were found in paintings of the Renaissance in…

warning related to smoking habits. However, we still have to continue to test drugs before using in humans. There many other methods to study the effects of drugs in humans, between them we can cite a few: epidemiological studies, human tissue and cell cultures, and autopsy studies. In addition, there are being developed a new technique that will be capable of eliminate animal testing for good. It consist of software, called in silico (on computers), use that will identify and map the pathways…

The issue that I am going to write my paper over is about genetically engineered embryos and whether or not further research should be done to allow the altering of an unborn fetus. My first topic that came to my mind when I heard about this assignment was actually abortion. Then we were shown a list of banned topics and abortion was number one on the list which was disappointing. Later when we went to the library to search for our topics, I ran across an article that interested me. It was about…

Engineering Genetics? Genetic engineering is when a living cell’s deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is altered to improve it in nearly any way one wishes. Alterations may include: how the cell would look later on in life; tricking it into producing something it normally would not; and/or increasing the amount of resources produced. Even though not everyone agrees with how the research is done on genetic engineering, it does do one thing: it betters our society. Due to research of genetic engineering,…

about being on an organ transplant waiting list for decades, waiting for their inevitable death. Human cloning has allowed us to grow organs, by using skin cells and converting them to stem cells. The nucleus of these stem cells of skin are then replaced into the nucleus and create what is known as a blastocyst, a bundle of hundreds of cells whose purpose is to specialize growing a specific body part, such as an ear. (Knapton). Not only can this help people who are in life-threatening…

Scientists are using stem cells to mess with the embryos they come from and diseases common all around the world. This topic is so popular people feel that “a fixation on it alone has come at the cost of many other important issues being overlooked or, at the very least, under-examined” (Lysaght, Tamra, and Alastair V. Campbell 251). Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can be transformed into any type of cell (Rebecca). Scientists take these cells to make new cells, tissues, and organs to…

Neurons are only a subset of the billions of cells in our brain, but they are the powerhouse driving everything we do. Common genetic and cellular properties define them as neurons. Beyond these defining features, neurons are heterogeneous in there gene expression, shape, and role in driving behavior (cite Zeisel et al. 2015 and Kamme et al 2003). Even within very homogenous populations such as the pyramidal CA1 neurons, there is significant variation in neuronal properties. This leads to…

unit of life is the cell. All living things are composed of cells. Cells may only from through a process of division and replication of previously existing cells. Cells are microscopic; however their structure is complex. All types of cells possess a plasma membrane which separates its contents from its surroundings. . There are two types of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. a. Prokaryotic cells are simpler than eukaryotic cells. Within prokaryotic cells are bacteria cells and archaea. All…

Genetically Modified Food Every human being requires food in order to stay alive. The food provides the body with the forces it needs to keep the heart beating, the limbs moving, and the lungs breathing. However, during the last century, scientists have been working in laboratories to create a new kind of food. This type of food is called genetically modified food. Genetically modified food comes from plants that have been altered in laboratories. This technology can be accomplished by moving…

Mendelian inheritance is centered around three laws discovered by Gregor Mendel. First is the law of segregation which states that during the formation of gamete the two allele pairs separate randomly. The second law is independent assortment which states during gamete formation each pair of the allele will segregate independently of the rest of the pairs of the chromosomes. The third law is the law of dominance which is that alleles can be dominant or recessive with the expression of the…