Reinforced carbon-carbon

gently for 5 minutes. Allow the mixture to cool slightly and filter by gentle suction and wash it 3-4 times with CCl4. Recrystallize it from the boiling water. Mechanism: The Reaction involves: Nucleophilic attack of NH2 of glucine on the carbonyl carbon of benzoyl chloride Rearrangment and deprotonation (elimination of HCl molecule) to give benzoyl glycine Step II: Preparation of 4-Benzylidine-2-phenyl-oxazol-5-one from benzoyl…

In September of 1985 Kroto, Heath, O’Brien, Curl, and Smalley were investigating sources of the long carbon chain molecules in the interstellar medium and how they might be related to soot formation.1 Smalley developed a laser vaporization cluster beam apparatus that allowed for the mass-spectrometric study of stable clusters formed in a helium-entrained plasma produced by a pulse of laser aimed on at a solid target.2 This experimental technique was a very important discovery to cluster science…

Diamonds. These small and rare rocks have been considered prized possessions throughout the ages. Diamonds are as old as the earth itself, and ever since their discovery they have captivated humans. Diamonds have come to represent many things, but in this paper, I will focus on power. I will track a certain diamond through its’ dated 350-year period, and use it to understand the individuals who owned it and the power it gave them. The diamond I refer to is the hope diamond. The Hope diamond is…

In Experiment 12B we used an umpolung reagent in an umpolung synthesis to synthesize benzoin from benzaldehyde. Umpolung synthesis is a synthetic approach that allows us to switch the identity of a reacting species. For example, the normal chemical reactivity of a nucleophile can be switched to one of an electrophilic compound. Two common agents are cyanide and thiamine (Vitamin B). The mechanisms for both agents are the same. In this experiment, thiamine was used to turn benzaldehyde, an…

Distant lands, by Tim Winton is a short novel that has resonated with me as a reader by its ideas expressed on the subject matter of family, multiculturalism and human desires. This is done through the language convention: simple sentences, point of view and the actions of its main character Fat Maz. Fat Maz is the main protagonist who is used to present the idea of family that has evoked in me a sense of appreciation and gratefulness towards my parents for the things they have done for me since…

Why small covalent substances have different properties from macro molecules? • Simple covalent substances will only contain a few atoms that are held by strong covalent bonds for example co2 the molecules contain one atom of carbon that is bonded with 2 oxygen atoms. The intermolecular forces causes the small covalent structures to have a low melting/boiling points, they don’t conduct electricity because they don’t have any free electrons or an electric charge overall. • Macro molecules will…

The development of simple methods for generating molecular complexity with defined stereochemistry from easily accessible starting materials became significant and fascinating over last few decades. A simple methoxyphenol is found to be most appropriate precursor for generating wide range of complex cyclic and acyclic architectures. Several chemical1-5 and electrochemical methods6 have been used for the umpolung of electron-rich nucleophilic 2-methoxyphenols and 4-methoxyphenols to electrophilic…

The purpose of this report and lab was to assist in visualizing the structure of infinitesimally small objects and how they fit together. Normal object fit together similarly to microscopic atoms and experiment 2 exploits this to help understand structure property relationships. The knowledge gained here directly applies to the world as applications of the materials becomes apparent as the properties are explored. Copper There are a plethora of modern technological uses of copper. It can be…

iodide attacks the delta positive alpha carbon forming an intermediate that has a partially formed C-I bond and a partially broken bond between carbon and the delta negative leaving group. The stereochemistry is inverted at the alpha carbon as the C-I bond fully forms. Then the leaving group comes off of the molecule taking the electrons it shared with the alpha carbon. The reason that only 1-chlorobutane and 1-bromobutane formed a precipitate is because the carbon that bears the leaving group…

The purpose of this lab was to iodonize salicylamide and characterize the product in order to determine its structure. The crude product of this reaction was recrystallized using ethanol. The white crystalline product was isolated using vacuum filtration and characterized. The percent yield of this reaction was determined to be 39%. The observed experimental melting point of the product was determined to be 235-137 oC. When compared to the literature melting point 228 oC of the predicted product…