Reference electrode

this proposal, we report the design of two bioanalytical sensors: (1) a fluorescence optrode-based optical fiber sensor and (2) a carbon-based optically transparent electrode. The first provides a means for spatially organizing microorganisms to monitor their social behavior in response to different chemical environments. The electrode sensor enables the detection of signaling molecules that are responsible for, or a consequence of, sociomicrobial behavior. Upon their completion, these sensors…

field of organic electronics due to its light-weight, high flexibility, and easy processability. Indium-tin oxide (ITO) has been widely used as the transparent electrode in flexible devices, but due to its limitation in mechanical flexibility, large use and high cost there is a great demand for an alternative solution like organic based electrodes with both high transparency and high conductivity. Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT : PSS) has been emerged as a…

total suspension solid, turbidity, BOD, DO and COD using standard methods (APHA,2005). A.DETERMINATION OF pH: The electrode of pH meter was calibrated with standard buffer solutions of pH 4, 7 and 9. The electrode was then dipped in the sample and its pH was noted down. B.DETERMINATION OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY: Conductivity was measured by using soil and water analyzed kit. The electrode was conditioned with KCl and calibrates with 0.01M KCl solution. The sample…

getting trapped into the molten weld pool. The consumable electrode is in the form a wire and is fed automatically through a tube. Electric currents vary from 300 A to 2000 A depending upon the penetration of the heat required. The power supply is most often single phase or a three phase with a rating of approx. 440 V which determines the size of the weld pool. Since the welding is to be done a circular part, the part is rotated around the electrode and the unfused flux can be recovered,…

The stylus system that is categorised in this group is the stylus system of micro CMM, which has a similar design with the conventional CMM probing system. As described in ISO 10360-1, the stylus system has a spherical stylus tip, a rod stylus shaft and a sensing element. These styluses also operate in contact mode. (1.1 until 1.5 have been discussed in progress report 2) 1.1 UMAP Mitutoyo Stylus (1993-1999) Figure 2.1: construction of UMAP stylus system Mitutoyo UMAP stylus system was…

1. INTRODUCTION Graphene consists of single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice. It is the basic structural element of many other forms of carbon, such as graphite, charcoal, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes. In simple terms, graphene, is a thin layer of pure carbon bonded together in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice. It is the thinnest compound known to man, the lightest material known, the strongest compound discovered, the best conductor of heat at room temperature and also the…

Elaborative Rehearsal and Cardiac Arrhythmias The process of memory is encoding, storing and retrieving information. The information is processed using visual, semantic, or acoustic ques. Maintenance and elaborative rehearsal are storage codes used to store the encoded information. Elaborative rehearsal is “elaborating” on the definition of the word using semantics, acronyms, or acoustic syllables. To adequately retrieve the information, you have encoded and stored you must use proper retrieval…

Question 1: pH can be described as a measure of acidity or basicity (Alkalinity) of a solution. It is exactly equal in amount to the negative log of the concentration of hydronium(H3O+) ions. Due to the negative log relationship, increased hydronium ions transform to lower pH. When we add it to water, an acid releases hydrogen ion. Hydrogen ions in water unite with the water molecules to form hydronium ions, thereby lowering the pH and increasing the acidity of water. Water exposed to air is…

Inhibition serves as an important psychological function which enables the mind to filter out stimuli that are irrelevant to the task/process that is being performed or to the current state of the mind (MacLeod, Colin, 2007). In psychology, it refers to the ability to constraint or curtails certain behaviours, especially impulses and desires consciously or unconsciously. In the real life, it prevents us from acting impulsively such as physically retaliating against someone who insulted us and to…

confront their fears and reduce their anxiety without performing ritual behaviors. Antidepressants and some psychotics are used in medication therapy and in severe cases electroconvulsive therapy is used. ECT works by sending small currents through electrodes which are placed on the scalp while the patient sleeps; though it causes brief seizures but with repeated treatment of ECT it will improve symptoms in some…