Reductionism

The past has always had a profound influence on the present, and for contemporary designers there is significant value in the study of design history. Unfortunately, at a time when incredible value is placed on novelty and individual creativity, the narratives of the past often fall on deaf ears, written off as mere nostalgia (Hunt 2014, 1). Focusing on landscape architecture, this essay will defend the presence of history in contemporary thought and promote an active and critical engagement…

In seeking knowledge we as humans try to be objective and find ultimate truths, which are independent of our being and would exist regardless of whether we exist or not. Objectivity is important for ideological and practical reasons: so that what we believe in has value and can be reproduced despite a change in circumstances. Objectivity also refers to the ability of the subject to gather knowledge about the world around her without adding personal bias, opinion and belief. Thus the belief in…

Having a holistic psychology, without reductionism, allows humanistic psychologists to understand every aspect of their client’s life/ self, which gives a bigger picture to the problem at hand, (RE- Educate, 2017). Humanism encourages psychologists to accept that there is more to behaviour than…

Introduction In this essay I will discuss many reasons why Wilhelm Wundt is considered the father of experimental psychology. Topics such as the laboratory of experimental psychology in the University of Leipzig, many influences Wundt had that shaped and guided his work, and the impact his work had on future psychologists and how it helped the development of modern psychology, will be discussed and viewed throughout this essay. There will also be an overview of Wundt’s life and beliefs according…

One of the main concerns in philosophy of science is the concept and categorization of “levels”. Although at plain view, the concept of levels seems like an easy concept to describe; when is embedded into the context of science the factors become blurry and perspectival, with the lack of a unifying concept. One of the most debated papers in twentieth century, “Mental Events” by Donald Davidson in (), give us a fresh perspective of what levels should be defined and use from a philosophy of mind…

Although it can be argued that there are no set boundaries to what Political Economy (PE) is (Watson, 2005, p.1), it can be inferred simply from its name that PE is a field which deals with the relationships between the spheres of politics and economics. These two concepts can be seen as being linked. However, interconnectedness does not necessarily mean analytical concurrence and the field of PE does not always regard the interconnectedness as an axiom. Moreover, the field of PE is often…

Frankenstein investigates the ideological vacuum incited by logical realism and examines the spiritual bankruptcy of replacing theism with secular humanism. Victor Frankenstein 's transgressive autonomy, grounded in exploratory realism, results in a reductionism that eventually prompts existential misery, individual crisis, and breaking down. Or, the cloning of human life forms could be abused for eugenic purposes, for setting up stores for human extra parts, and for the propagation of a…

Most people have awakened from a euphoric dream and have tried to fall back asleep to continue the dream. Others are awoken as they jerk themselves awake from a nightmare. Patients with PTSD often claim to have relived traumatic events through their dreams. People are constantly reading books and websites that claim to interpret their dreams because it continues to fascinate the reader. The first dream analysts argued that dreams were meant to tell the future. Sigmund Freud disagreed, however,…

Kennedy skillfully uses reductionism to one of the most complex and daunting foreign affairs, the relationship with the Soviet Union, to a palatable pledge for respect and cooperation: “Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide…

Interpersonal trust is an important concept that, if further understood, can give a greater insight into how human relationships work and the processes that lead to decision making in social situations. Interpersonal trust can be defined as the belief that the person who is being trusted will do what is expected or desired, and entails the interaction between two parties: party one, the trustor, who is willing to rely in the actions of party two, the trustee. Furthermore, for a trust situation…