Redox

2.2. Methods 2.2.1. Preparation of econazole nitrate nanoparticles The econazole nanoparticles were prepared by nano-spray drying technique. Weighed amounts of econazole nitrate, carriers and stabilizers (table 1) were dissolved in ethanol (10 ml) followed by spraying through the Buchi® nano-spray dryer B-90 (Büchi Labortechnik, Switzerland). The nano-spray dryer was operated using inert loop B-295 system (Büchi Labortechnik AG, Flawil, Switzerland) operated using nitrogen gas with flow rate of…

To counter the adverse effects of emergency room overcrowding, the author of this paper proposes the implementation of a fast-track program. FTAs are designed to handle urgent conditions that can be treated quickly. Patients that are classified as non-urgent (ESI levels 4 or 5) are seen in a designated area within the emergency department. One could describe the FTA as an express lane to treat those with less serious illnesses or injuries. A study performed in Turkey showed that FTAs lessen…

In the last years, it has read that the electron transfers have relations with many processes, such us the photosynthesis (biology), organic synthesis (organic chemistry) or charge-transfer complexes (inorganic chemistry). It is important to know that most of the electron transfer occurs due to the metals, metals complexes and organometallic compounds. In this chapter a review of earlier electron donors and the different electron transfer will be developed. 1.1 Organic electron donors Since the…

Our world and everything it contains is held together by one thing: chemistry. Chemistry plays an important role in all of our lives due to this fact. Whether in my career or in everyday events, chemistry will be an unseen, yet central, influence in my life. This is apparent in both my personal activities when baking, wearing clothing, participation in holiday traditions and my professional life when writing software, creating biological implants, engaging in computational chemistry and in the…

These claims are to say the least, unbalanced truths. By the end of this discussion it would have become obvious that there is no basis for undue generalizations in the management of cancer. There still remains the need for expert judgement in formulating a cancer treatment protocol. BEFORE CANCER First, let me state that the human body will literally rust away like a nail left under the rain over time without inbuilt natural protective mechanisms. To prevent rust or oxidation, most…

What Does Luminol Do? Luminol is used to reveal traces of blood in crime scenes, using a light producing chemical reaction, between many chemicals, and hemoglobin. It is a powdery compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. Mixing C8H7N3O2 (luminol) with H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide), causes it to become a liquid. Hydrogen peroxide and luminol are the two main parts of this chemical reaction. To produce a strong glow, a catalyst needs to be present. A catalyst is a substance that…

This experiment demonstrates how the results of two reactions can create a colored flame with the sugar in the gummy bear. When potassium chlorate is heated to its molten state, it goes through a thermal decomposition reaction that causes it to dissociate into potassium chloride and excess oxygen. The gummy bear is mostly made up of sugar and causes a combustion reaction when mixed with the excess oxygen. Carbon dioxide and gaseous water are released as a result of the reaction. The purple…

A redox reaction is a type of reaction that results in the exchange of one or more electrons leaving one product oxidized and one product reduced. The product that becomes reduced gains an electron, and the product that loses an electron becomes oxidized. This process can be simply thought of as a chemical reaction where electrons are transferred. Redox reactions occur as a way to transfer energy in the form of electrons. This happens in several biological processes, including cellular…

This study involves the use of redox titration to determine the amount of oxalic acid in the sample solution. The analyte solution containing oxalic acid was added with sulfuric acid and heated prior to the titration with permanganate. The persistent pink color signaled the end of the titration. The amount of the oxalic acid in the solution was found to be 8.941%. The redox titration was precise in the quantification of oxalic acid with a standard deviation of 1.327%. Introduction One of the…

The removal of carbon dioxide in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) has been an important topic of research due to the increasing amount of recirculating aquaculture systems being employed in the aquaculture industry. Carbon dioxide, as well as ammonia, are excreted by the fish and can be present in high quantities. Elevated levels of CO2 accumulation within the recirculating water could have toxic effects on fish. The maximum level of CO2 and ammonia that can be present in the tanks…