Rectum

This is accomplished with diuretics, dialysis, and ion-exchange resins such as sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate). Kayexalate, administered orally or rectally, binds potassium in exchange for sodium, and the resin is excreted in feces (Lewis, 2014, p. 297). First, the assembly of the enema bag with appropriate solution and rectal tube. Next conduct hand hygiene and apply gloves. Provide privacy for the patient and raise bed to appropriate height and left side rail. Then assist the patient into a Sims’ position, lying on their left side. This position allows the enema to flow by gravity in the natural curve of the sigmoid colon and rectum and increases retention of the…

Hemorrhoids Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in and around the rectum or anus. There are two types of hemorrhoids: • Internal hemorrhoids. These occur in the veins just inside the rectum. They may poke through to the outside and become irritated and painful. • External hemorrhoids. These occur in the veins outside the anus and can be felt as a painful swelling or hard lump near the anus. Most hemorrhoids do not cause serious problems and can be managed with home treatments, such as diet and…

Hirschsprung's disease can be inherited. If you have one child who has the condition, future biological children could be at risk. Being male. Hirschsprung's disease is more common in males. Having other inherited conditions. Hirschsprung's disease is associated with certain inherited conditions, such as Down syndrome and other abnormalities present at birth, such as congenital heart disease. Diagnosis and Treatment Your child's doctor will perform an exam and ask questions about your child's…

Here are some differential diagnoses for perineal itching and ways to determining the diagnosis. For example, Litmus testing for pH, wet mount from a pap smear, K hydroxide (KOH) preparation and whiff test, cultures for fungi and trichomonads can be used to determine if the diagnosis is Vaginitis, candida albicans (monilia); Vaginitis, Gardnerella/bacterial (mix); Vulvovaginitis, Fungal (Diagnosis of, n.d.). According to Neistein (2008), laboratory tests, clinical findings, signs, and symptoms…

Genus Dysteria (Huxley, 1857) Synonyms: Aegyria Ehrenberg, 1838; Ervilia Dujardin, 1841 This genus was first reported by Huxley in 1857. It is a member of class Phyllopharyngea shows characters such as ciliated stage with somatic kineties mostly as monokinetids that each have a lateral kinetodesmal fibril, a reduced or absent, transverse microtubular ribbon. This genus belongs to subclass Phyllopharyngia show characters such as trophonts free-swimming, may be sessile but usually not…

Rectal Bleeding Rectal bleeding is when blood passes out of the anus. People with rectal bleeding may notice bright red blood in their underwear or in the toilet after having a bowel movement. They may also have stools that are dark red or black. Rectal bleeding is usually a sign that something is wrong. Many things can cause rectal bleeding, including: Hemorrhoids. These are blood vessels in the anus or rectum that are larger than normal. Fistulas. These are abnormal channels in the…

What is a rectal prolapse? Rectal prolapse is a disorder where a part of the rectum projects via the anus. The rectum is the large portion of the digestive system that comes after the colon. It is part of the large intestine or large bowel. There are diverse types of rectal prolapse; some might project through the anus while others pass via the anal canal but not out of the anus. In addition to elderly females being most affected, it also befalls in young kids usually within the first 3 years of…

The rectum is lined with sensory receptors that monitor pressure and stretching of the rectum. When the rectum become full with feces, these receptors transmits signals to the brain to let the body know that it is ready for defecation. The anal canal is last of the large intestine and it ends at the anus and controls the defecation process. When feces entering the rectum and anal canal, pressure is applied on the internal anal sphincter, causing the smooth muscle tissue to relax and open and be…

A prolapse is a protuberance of some portion of the bowel through and outside the anus. It might befall in infancy or in the elderly. There are three categories of prolapse:  Incomplete (internal) prolapse: the rectum is not yet bulging via the anus.  Mucosal prolapse encompassing only the internal lining of the rectum.  Complete (external) prolapse of the rectum. What causes prolapse? The precise cause is not identified. Possible reasons are extreme straining at defecation, a feeble pelvic…

It is a 2-inch long trench comprising of the pelvic floor muscles and the two butt-centric sphincters (inward and outer). The covering of the upper butt is particular to recognize rectal substance. It tells you whether the substance are fluid, gas, or strong. The butt is encompassed by sphincter muscles that are critical in permitting control of stool. The pelvic floor muscle makes an edge between the rectum and the rear-end that prevents stool from turning out when it shouldn't. The inward…