Reciprocal

researchers across multiple disciplines have studied these interactions and proceedings. Some looking to gain insight into why social interactions take place, and why relationships exist. Others seeking to explain that only certain types of interactions have value and what those values are. However, no single discipline focuses solely on cooperation, relationships, or their innerworkings. There are some that try to explain how cooperation and reciprocal relationships reduce the likelihood of risk in certain situations, and different researchers have proposed different models to explain this phenomenon.…

We learned in our text that, according to Bandura, children have an active role in their own development by means of reciprocal determinism (Siegler, DeLoache, Eisenberg & Saffran, 2014, p. 354). The main idea behind reciprocal determinism is that each person has their own individual traits that effect the way they behave and interact with the world, this in turn influences how the surrounding worlds treats them. In the world of bioecological theory, our environment consists of a series of…

When I bake something sweet or make something different for dinner, I always give some to my neighbor. She does not give anything back to me right away. However, I know that when she bakes or cooks something, she is also going to share it with me. The value spent on ingredients, the amount, or the taste varies each time. This is an example of generalized reciprocity. My favorite Professor and I go out to lunch all the time. We take turns paying the bill, which is always between $25-$30. This is…

Reciprocal altruism; simply the idea that we offer assistance and expect it returned, is undeniably practiced with the motivation of one’s personal wellbeing in mind. Similarly, the concept of motivation also provides a logical understanding of kin selection whereby we are inclined to help our genetic related, as aiding one’s family will ultimate better one’s self. A cost rewards analysis, as well as social exclusion can also be depicted as highly motivated by a person’s needs and survival;…

geometry of a sample and its diffraction patterns through an exploration of reciprocal space. In this experiment, both a single crystal piece of Si with a (004) reflection plane and a Si powder sample are scanned, as well as the peaks the locations of the diffraction peaks on the single crystal. The collected data is then analyzed to determine the criteria for planes to produce a spike in energy by plotting in reciprocal space. This experiment serves to illustrate the importance of reciprocal…

Triadic Reciprocal Causation Presented in the mid-eighties by Albert Bandura; Triadic Reciprocal Causation (often shown as a triangle consisting of three squares that all connect) is a theory that states personal factors, behaviors, and the environment influences how a person develops. For example, if a child is treated poorly by their peers at school there is a higher probability for the child to want to go back. It is also less probable for the student to succeed in a classroom due to added…

In spite of the great disparity between Jewish and Islamic beliefs, both religions share a reciprocal relationship that is rooted in the universal endeavour to achieve unparalleled, intrinsic and extrinsic peace. Islam is an amalgam of the dual concepts of submission to the will of Allah; a God-centred lifestyle, or sirat al mustaqeem which is achieved by the continuity of spiritual obedience, and possessing spiritual peace; as is encapsulated in the Arabic greeting Salaam (peace). Thus the…

This reciprocal altruism (Trivers 1971) requires extended social interaction for the necessary trust to develop: “The shadow of the future must be long” (Axlerod 1990). Trivers model produces a set of conditions under which reciprocal altruism can prosper: a service given must be much less costly to the giver than to the receiver; there must be many chances to interact; amongst a small set of individuals especially when pairs of altruists are exposed symmetrically to altruistic situations…

When one performs an altruistic act, one expects that act to be repaid in full later one. They expect to receive an equal act of altruism such that it balances out any risks, or costs, cancel out almost. Once again, why is reciprocal altruism valued in society? What happens if the second party reneges? What if you will never see them again? How will your altruism be repaid? What is the driving force that causes you to act altruistically? Clearly a parallel can be drawn with cooperation as…

Protection and Obedience Are Not Reciprocal The true cause of the American Revolution can be traced back to the discrepancy in thought between the British and Americans. From the British point of view, the Proclamation of 1763, Sugar Act, and Stamp Act seemed to be reasonable efforts to administer the colonies. To Americans, however, the British supervision appeared to be a perturbing intrusion into colonial practices of self-taxation by elected colonial assemblies. With this discrepancy came a…