Reagents for organic chemistry

electron density at the carbon atom. Organic functional groups containing double and triple bonds which undergo reduction are unsaturated. The reduction of the double bond by addition of hydrogen atoms results in the product being fully saturated. Metal hydride reducing agents that have different reactivities toward specific functional groups are commonly used in chemical reductions. There are challenges in synthetic organic chemistry to develop new reducing reagents that react with only one…

chocolates, bitter, when drinking coffee, salty taste, like the taste of the salt, our sweat or tears and then there’s the sour taste, the thing that can get your face looked crumpled like when you eat an unripe mango or the flavor of the vinegar. The chemistry of sour taste and the strategy or technique on how we could reduce the taste would be briefly discussed here. Of course with the help of the study material by Hong Li and Fang Liu entitled ‘The…

Examination and Exercise of Green Chemistry through the Cyclohexanol Cycle Jesse Paner CHE 233L Section 301 Department of Chemistry, DePaul University, 1110 W. Belden Avenue, Chicago, IL 60614 panerjesse@yahoo.com May 1st, 2017 Abstract Green chemistry emphasizes the utilization of chemicals to their highest efficiency and reducing the production of harmful waste. This type of chemistry was initially conceived in order to reduce the damaging impact that chemical products have on the…

studied for more than hundred years before that of transition metals. The structure of organometallic compound of transition metals looks very similar to the coordination compounds in physical and chemical properties but in actual these are much more organic as compared to coordination compounds. Some major differences in properties are: Properties of typical coordination compounds Properties of typical organometallic compounds Water-soluble High-melting solids (. 250°C) Air-stable…

The Wittig reaction consists of a nucleophilic attack from a negatively charged carbon of the phosphorus ylide on to the carbonyl group carbon. Elimination then occurs to form the carbon to carbon double bond with the assistance of the Ph₃P=O reagent. After elimination is completed, the Ph₃P group and the oxygen of the carbonyl group are no longer present. In this experiment, the phosphonium salt used was benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride, which was provided by the instructor. During…

1-[Cyano(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]cycloalkanol (VF-I) synthesized through the reaction of p-methoxyphenylacetonitrile and cyclohexanone using aq. NaOH and tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate as PTC. NaBH4 and CoCl2 in 2:1 THF: H2O used for the reduction of VF-I to obtain 1-(2-amino-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)cyclohexanol (VF-II). Further, venlafaxine derivative of the amino acid -carboxamide (VFCA-I toVII ) synthesized through coupling of N-Phthaloyl amino acid chloride derivative (2a-2g-…

That question was the spark, that ignited this burning desire to know more about the world around us. As I progressed toward answering these questions I quickly realized that answers are complex and never as straight-forward as one might hope. Chemistry always gave the best context to answer my questions and explain the world around me. This context and understanding in turn allowed me to better help others. Throughout my journey so far in science and becoming a Chemist, those questions I…

This investigation’s aim was to observe the organic displacement clock reaction and see how different properties - such as concentration and temperature - affect the reaction rate. This was to enhance understanding and gain knowledge of how certain properties affect reaction mechanisms and activation energies, and how acid-base equilibria behaves. The data generally supported the hypothesis. It can be clearly seen that higher molarities of t-BuCl gave faster reaction rates, and it is an even…

carbohydrate tests) Introduction: The term ‘’Carbohydrates’’ is defined as the carbon compounds which contains hydroxyl groups in large quantities (King, 2013). Carbohydrates are those organic compounds that have the empirical formula CnH2nOn, or (CH2O)n (Fromm 1997). Carbohydrates are one of the four types of organic compounds in living cells that are produces during photosynthesis and are the important source of energy in both plants and animals (Ahmed 2014). They are built from…

1. Substitution of 3-(m-tolyl)propan-1-ol to form 1-(3-bromopropyl )-3-methylbenzene. Aromatic materials used in this reaction has high boiling point thus the reaction was heated carefully and gently to avoid burning and decomposition of other reagents. Byproduct such as E2 elimination seen often with good leaving groups and basic nucleophiles or rearranged products, expected with alternative mechanism were unable to observed by gas chromatography or H NMR. The initial alcohol was not chiral…