Reagent

Before the start of this experiment, the theoretical yield was calculated. From the results, the limiting reagent is 3-nitrobenzaldehyde. The theoretical yield is determined by referring to the moles of the limiting reagent, which was calculated to be 1.3 g. However, the results obtained (Data Table 1) were greater than the theoretical yield; that is, the actual mass of the product was higher than the theoretical mass. This lead to an abnormally high yield of 320% and an impure product. Though…

While researching texts written about different types of water, the history of water purification, and the supercooling process, one could find different types of articles and videos that explained everything very thoroughly. All of the authors and websites had given a much better idea of the topic of supercooling. To fully understand the supercooling one must understand different types of waters. The purpose for this paper is to understand the water types, the history of water purification, and…

include, but are not limited to, test tubes with caps, illuminated optical aid, assorted pipettes, flasks, necessary reagents, diluents, cleaners, centrifuges, bags, needles, thawing baths, cell washing systems, analyzers, automated washing equipment, refrigeration areas, microscopes, and platelet aggregation systems, incubators, shakers and storage. The most common necessary reagents for blood bank include: saline, controls, Anti-A, Anti-B, Anti-AB, assorted Anti-D. Anti-E, Anti-e, Anti-K,…

Pectin yield was determined as weight of dry pectin against the weight of initial residues multiplied by 100%. Y=100(P/Bi) Where Y is the extracted pectin yield (%), P is the amount of extracted pectin in grams and Bi is the initial amount of sweet potato residues used to extract pectin. Equivalent weight and Degree of methoxylation The equivalent weight was determined according to the method by Barretina et al., (Barretina et al. 2012). 0.25g pectin was wetted with 5ml ethanol and topped…

accurate. For the reason that the object makes the air around it to become heated. Therefore, the air then goes up and the movement may be detected causing the mass determination to not be accurate. 3.) Why should reagent chemicals never be weighed directly on the pan of the balance? Reagent chemicals should be weighed directly into the beaker or flask in which they are to be used. Those type of chemicals should never be weighed directly on the pan, for the reason that many chemicals react…

It is the percentage by weight of a specific fatty acid. The Acid value is defined as the mg of potassium hydroxide needed to neutralize the free acids present in 1 g of oil. In this experiment, the researchers used chemicals and reagents such as ethanol, Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and Phenolphthalein Indicator. Laboratory Apparatuses and Equipment such as 250ml beakers, Buchner funnel, 10ml buret, 250ml Erlenmeyer flasks, coconut oil sample, filter paper, 100ml graduated cylinder, volumetric…

which has four binding sites for biotin or biotinylated derivatives with extraordinary affinity. Biotin can be chemically coupled to a binder molecule (e.g., a protein, DNA, hormone, etc.) without disturbing the interaction with its target molecule by a procedure called biotinylation. Avidin can then be exploited to “sandwich” between the biotinylated binder and a targeting molecule or probe. Avidin was also coupled with a functional moiety in some cases. Through the avidin-biotin system, we can…

Preparation of Sample The Polymerase Chain Reaction is considered as a fundamental skill in biology. The procedure to perform PCR technique includes successive three steps with minimal reagents. The technique is uncomplicated and easy to achieve. To attain PCR technique, requirements are: 1. DNA – The core reagent of the technique is extracted DNA from cell nucleus. For example, small sample of DNA from blood, hair follicles, saliva,…

(2007), but any modifications to the procedure have clearly been specified. The entire process was handled at cold temperatures, with all necessary tubes and reagents being stored on ice. For every sample, two mice hearts were sacrificed and transferred to a flat-bottomed 2 mL centrifuge tube. The hearts were minced with surgical scissors after 500 µL isolation buffer (50 mL sucrose, 200 mM mannitol, 5 mM KH2PO4…

ntroduction The development of the oyster aquaculture become limited as there is a presence of the pathogenic associated microbe that can cause disease which lead to physiological and imbalance in that oyster. There is a few reports that describe the bacterial diversity which is poorly know and required to be further study.(Hernández and Olmos,2006). So, it is important to analyze the bacteria of oyster. This study is carry out to analyze the gram positive bacteria diversity present oyster,…