Ravenna

very important to them, and much time and thought were put into the creation of these sacred places. Some key characteristics of Byzantine art are icons and mosaics, both of which the Emperor Justinian piece exhibits. The church of San Vitale in Ravenna, Italy is where the mosaic is located. This church was constructed very differently from most churches at the time, as it in the shape of an octagon. The church is centrally planned, drastically different from the other churches of its time. The…

When Popes Were Emperors – The Clash between Henry and Gregory In the year 1073, Hildebrand of Sovana (an Italian city) became Pope Gregory VII. The clash between papacy and emperor’s authority in (what we would today call) Germany, was already evident for quite some time. The Emperor Henry IV was 23 years old. One of the first few measures implemented by Gregory were, a ban on secular authority to appoint clergy (the lay investiture) and the ostracizing of some of the members of Henry’s…

In modern Church history, one of the most contentious and controversial issues that the Roman Catholic Church has had to deal with in its ecumenical dialogue with other Christian churches is the Dogma of Papal Infallibility. This dogma was officially promulgated by Pope Pius IX at the First Vatican Council (1869-1870) in the Dogmatic Constitution Pastor Aeternus. This magisterial document defined the role and ministry of the pope within the Church. In their attempt to define the Petrine office,…

…….The knight lite of the past…… It was the duty of a Middle Ages Knight to learn how to fight and so serve their liege Lord according to the Code of Chivalry. Under their armor, the knights wore padding to ease the pain of wearing such heavy metal. In the early years, knights wore chainmail. These were metal chains linked together. It took about five years to make body armor out of mail. The covering for their chests and arms weighed between 20 and 30 pounds and sometimes had up to 200,000…

ambassador of Florence E. Exiled from Florence in 1301 1.one of the first active among the exiled Guelfs in an attempt to make a military return 2. once exiled Dante traveled to many cities and finally made a home in Ravenna. F. Was a member of the guild of physicians and apothecaries G. Dante was called in January 1302 to appear before the Florentine government, failing to appear he was convicted of crimes he didn’t commit H. On March 10,…

‘Sailing to Byzantium’ is first published in 1928 as part of Yeast’s collection and it contains four stanzas. The poem ‘sailing to Byzantium’ is mainly about different between art and ordinary life. In the poem poet transform himself into work of art and he explores his thought and musing on how immortality art and the human spirit may converge. The poem ‘Sailing to Byzantium’in particular is its rich symbolism. Symbols are essentially words which are not merely connotative but also suggestive,…

Prior to 1938 Fascism had already asserted their power over the citizens of Italy. Just 13 years after Benito Mussolini, Duce of the Fascist regime, announced his intent to rule without Parliament; the Fascist regime had announced their Manifesto on Race which was published in Il Giornale d’Italia on July 14, 1938. Until this point, anti-Semitism was not a staple of the Fascist ideals and very little of a racial inferiority was mentioned towards the Jewish and other foreign nationals located in…

The Impact of Charlemagne on Christianity in the Carolingian Period The Carolingian period was forefronted by a great renaissance, which brought about much change in the medieval world. One of these changes was the major reshaping of Christianity. Religion played a big part in the lives of the medieval people, so it is only natural that many great leaders of the time played an important role in impacting Christianity. Three of these great leaders include Balthild, Saint Benedict, and…

With Christianity spreading along the Mediterranean, Christina congregations needed buildings to accommodate large number of converts. Constantine, the first Christina emperor decided to build the Basilica of San Peter on the Vatican Hill in Italy Rome in an area that had been formerly a cemetery where according to the traditions Peter was crucified. The principal portion of the Basilica, the nave was very long. Two aisles ran along the side of the nave making it wider. In the west part of the…

Gender is a social and cultural conception of being male or female. The presentation of gender in art often depicts the divide between the social and sexual identification of being masculine and feminine. The roles of males and females have been contested throughout history and has been prominent subject of experimentation in the arts. Although contemporary artworks play a crucial role in advancing the equality of women in society, artworks, especially that of Gustav Klimt, in the past have…