Rational basis review

“Scholars working within the rational choice theoretical tradition have noted how individual perceptions of the relative costs and benefits of engaging in any particular form of criminal behavior are a consequence of a host of individual and contextual factors (Pratt, 2008, p.43).”…

Neorealism assumes the state will always make the rational choice to maximize its utility. In neoliberalism, non-state actors such as civil societies and individuals also make rational choices. Both theories borrow ideas from the theory of rationalism (Wendt, 1992). Constructivism, on the other hand, does not make such assumption about rationality. By no means is constructivism…

on “learnt behaviours” that are unique to the individual when trying to be rational by making so called rational choices. The psychology perception of rationality (or the lack of it)…

A theory that supports the actions of white collar crime is rational choice theory. “In rational choice theories, individuals are seen as motivated by the wants or goals that express their ‘preferences’”(Browning et. al, 2000). People in the everyday world are consumed by decisions daily from small things like deciding on dinner to major long term decisions such as last will and testimony. Based on the situation of the individual in particular decisions will vary. According to Browning and…

that define the way the individual feels about money compared to another individual whose culture and social structure is completely different. Concepts like these define how the individual behaves whether that is rational or un-rational. Zelizer states “individuals behave as rational participants in market transaction, making distinction only of price and quantity, a dispassionate sphere where all monies are alike”(4). Through Zelizer’s empirical study she has been able to discover that…

certain aspects that other individual’s lack. In William Golding’s novel Lord of the Flies, Piggy demonstrates leadership qualities through remaining civilized displayed by disciplinary actions. Piggy represents the adult figure, who is intelligent, rational and Piggy has consistently shown and proven to be the most wise amongst the boys on the island. Leaders need to be intelligent to make the required decisions. Piggy is often able to determine a course of action through his scientific way…

wants to benefit from the crime he/she is about to commit. In rational choice theory it states just that. It states that the offenders are rational people who think about their crime before committing them, they think of the benefits it will bring such as money along with the costs, such as the possibility of getting arrested (Robb, 2017). Through this theory one can apply it to the crime of drug smuggling, for it involves a rational offender who knows what he/she is doing and still decides to…

say that before committing any crime, offenders weigh up the possible costs and benefits of offending behaviour. He said that individuals are motivated to offend by the possibility of gaining a profit. This theory was given the name ‘rational choice theory’. Rational choice theory says that if an individual believes that the benefits outweigh the punishment then the individual is more likely to part take in the activity. In this case, it could be argued that individuals are only…

The theory of constrained choice is a model that shows how different levels of social organizations can influence the lives of people, and how they can lead to unfavorable health consequences in men and women. There are five levels that are associated with the theory of constrained choice: individual, family, workplace, community, and the nation. What happens at these levels, and the limitations they impose on individuals, can cause people to be restricted in the choices they can make and…

So the power didn't lie with any one person it lay with the people, with the attainment of a classless communist society. There is however a theory of power completely different to Karl Marx's. This theory of power is known as Elitism and was developed by two Italian Political scientists, Pareto and Mosca. They believed that power lay with an Elite over the powerless minority. An elite would be someone with supreme psychological characteristics; historical…