Rare earth element

periodic table we know today is very organized and accurate. It shows all of the elements that have been discovered and has them arranged and by their chemical properties, atomic masses, and electron configurations. In order to construct the periodic table, every element had to be discovered. Elements such as gold, tin, lead, and copper have been widely known and used since ancient times, however, the first discovery of an element wasn’t made until 1649 by Hennig Brand when he discovered…

“F” on the periodic table. It is much more. In fact, fluorine is the most important element of any element on the periodic table. It indeed does not belong to the great collection of Noble Gases in Group 8A of the periodic table, but its position in Group 7A alongside the elegant Noble Gases solidifies it as one of the leading significant elements at our disposal. For that reason, in the the showmanship of element practicality, fluorine is an outstanding competitor! It truly displays admirable…

The history of piezoelectricity evolution is over 120 years which was discovered by brothers Curie in 1880. They were Pierre Curie (1859-1906) and Jacques Curie (1855-1941). During the study of the generation surface electrical charge by applying pressure on some material, they found out an unusual phenomenon which was a voltage of opposite polarity was generated by pressure was applied on the crystalline minerals such as quartz. The amplitude of the generated voltage was proportional to the…

Despite that silicon, iron and phosphate are distinct chemical elements, quartz and iron phosphate demonstrate very similar crystal structure, and this could be achieved through altervalent substitution based on the following equation: 2Si4+ → Fe3+ + P5+ As such, every two silicon ions in quartz is replaced by one iron(III)…

The CGS framework retreats to a proposition in 1832 by the German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss to base an arrangement of supreme units on the three essential units of length, mass and time. Gauss picked the units of millimeter, milligram and second The centimetre–gram–second arrangement of units (truncated CGS or cgs) is a variation of the metric framework taking into account the centimeter as the unit of length, the gram as the unit of mass, and the second as the unit of time. All CGS…

Crystalline and Amorphous Solids  Solids can be divided into two classes: crystalline and amorphous. Crystalline solids have well-defined edges and faces, diffract x-rays, and tend to have sharp melting points. In contrast, amorphous solids have irregular or curved surfaces, do not give well-resolved x-ray diffraction patterns, and melt over a wide range of temperatures. Crystalline solids, or crystals, have distinctive internal structures…

Results and dissection 3.1 Transition metal complexes of the macrocyclic, H6L Ligand 3.1.1 The macrocyclic, H6L Ligand The physical and analytical data of the macrocyclic, H6L ligand and its transition metal complexes were shown in Table 1. From the investigation, the expected structure of H6L with its possible toutomeric forms can be represented as shown in Figure 1. H6L ligand is highly symmetric under the point group C2v symmetry and can show all the normal modes of vibrations by solving…

show why elements in similar group and period react differently. The purpose for this lab is to test the idea of patterns in the periodic trend, and if elements in similar group or similar period react differently due to the trend that they follow. If two elements in the same group or family are to be tested, one of the element reactivity will be slightly different from the other. This is the work of the periodic trends, the characteristics of an element atom change because of the element…

Chlorine is the second to lightest member of the halogen elements. It is in Group 17 (Group VIIA) and period 3 of the periodic table. The element symbol for Chlorine is Cl. Chlorine is a greenish yellow gas that is corrosive, toxic and can be irritating to the eyes and respiratory system. Chlorine is a nonmetal that has the atomic mass of 35.45 amu. It has a melting point of -100.98 degrees Celsius and a boing point of -34.6 degrees Celsius. However, at room temperature it is a gas. Chlorine…

Lithium is an element with the atomic number 3 on the periodic table. Its atomic symbol is Li. Lithium belongs in the most reactive group on the periodic table which is called alkali metal. Lithium under standard conditions is the lightest metal it is also one of the least dense solids. Lithium has an atomic mass of 6.94 and density of 0.534. Lithium is a soft silver white looking metal. Lithium melts at 357 degrees and boils at a temper of 2426 degrees. Thanks to lithium's ability to reach…