Radiation

The radiation pattern is wonderfully described in the form of a three dimensional graph of power versus elevation and azimuth angles but more generally defined by E-plane or H-plane where one angle is held fixed while the other is varied as shown in Figure 1.4.1. Figure 1.4.1: A radiation pattern for a microstrip antenna. The radiation pattern can be determined easily which a microstrip patch antenna has. The source of the radiation of the electric field at the gap…

Radiotherapy treatment is normally used in cancer patients, with the most common type known as external beam therapy. This name evolved because the treatment consists of a beam of radiation that comes from a very sophisticated machine. The beam is focused on the part of the body that contains the tumor, and the largest amount of radiation possible is used to kill the cancer cells. Radiotherapy is very hard on the body. The treatments are short in duration, no more than 10 to 15 minutes. There…

green visible gas Nuclear Imaging works on the principle of radiation (which is invisible by the way) and how to detect radiation. A radioisotope tracer is inserted into a chemical prevalent in your body like glucose. It consists of…

course of treatment (2). Radiation therapy involves exposure to normal tissues as well as the tumor tissue and can cause damage to the normal cells because of the high energy of the gamma and X-ray (1). All molecules in the cell including lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acids have potential to receive damage by radiation. However, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) because of its function is the most important molecule in the cell which will be affected by ionizing radiation. Gamma and…

enabling many patients with large but operable tumors to undergo breast conserving surgery (But-Hadžić et al., 2010). Radiotherapy on the other hand involves a high energy x-ray treatment. These radiation treatments are prescribed by a radiation oncologist, which is a physician who specializes in radiation for the treatment of cancer. Unlike chemotherapy, radiotherapy does not travel through the bloodstream, it specifies in a specific location, as a result of which, it doesn’t have as many…

Nuclear Power Nuclear power is a very controversial topic. While there are clear benefits to this type of energy, there have been devastating incidents with very high death rates. Radiation, a by-product of nuclear power, is a very dangerous side-effect that comes along with nuclear power. Though it is used in many positive ways, such as in health procedures, it is harmful to human tissue. The consequences of using nuclear power need to be thoroughly examined before a decision is made. The…

There are a multitude of treatment options to treat neuroblastoma. The most commonly known treatments are surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, but there are many more including retinoid therapy, immunotherapy, and clinical trials. The type of treatment chosen is often times specific to the child and their circumstances. Most patients undergo a series or combination of treatments in hopes of destroying the cancer. Surgery is usually the first treatment for a neuroblastoma patient. Surgery can be…

a long time, surgical removal was the standard of care, independently of the size, location or histology. However, due to the anatomical limitations, neurosurgical intervention may bear the risk of significant side effects. Over the last decade radiation therapy (RT) has become a valid treatment alternative for the treatment of meningiomas. Especially with the advent of high precision techniques, such as stereotactic radiotherapy or intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Local dose deposition…

Radiographs are produced through the use of radiation. There are three different types of radiation. These include PRIMARY RADIATION, REMNANT RADIATION, and SCATTER RADIATION. Primary is the radiation that leaves the tube, remnant is the “exit radiation” that passes through the image receptor, and scatter has less energy as primary but is less controlled. The patient is the primary source of scatter and causes the unnecessary exposure of radiation known as SCATTER RADIATION FOG. The radiographs…

Problem: Swedish American Medical Center/Belvidere (SAMCB) is a smaller hospital in a neighboring town that Swedish American Health System in Rockford Illinois owns. At SwedishAmerican Medical Center/Belvidere, we currently have one Philips x-ray room and one AMX portable x-ray machine. The medical center only has one computed radiology (CR) laser reader. The x-ray room and portable x-ray both utilize this (CR) laser reader. If the laser reader happens to break down, we have no way of…