Pyrrole

INTRODUCTION Background The macrocyclic organic molecules Phthalocyanines (1) which are comparable to the naturally occurring porphyrin (2) ring systems shown in (Figure 1). The porphyrin molecule consists up of four pyrrole subunits which are associated in n-conjugation by methine carbons. 1 2 Figure 1: structures of phthalocyanine and porphyrins molcule The compound…

Introduction: Enzymes play a major role in biological systems to catalyze and control different reactions. The study of enzymes’ behaviors toward substrates and products is significant to understand various enzyme catalyzed reactions in living organisms. One of the most important enzymatic group is cytochrome P450 (CYP450) which contribute to the metabolism of many endogenous as well as exogenous substances such as drugs. Although there are several subtypes of CYP450 family, CYP450 1A1 is going…

For example, more than 2.9 million serum vitamin B12 tests were performed in 2010 in Ontario at a cost of $40 million.(Ogunkolade et al., 2013) Vitamin B12(Cobalamine) is a group of compounds with corrinoid ring (4-pyrrole rings) with cobalt (Co). Vitamin B12 are synthesized exclusively by bacteria and have different functional groups chelated to Co. (University of Aberdeen, 2016) Vitamin B12 and folate depend on each other for activation. Both vitamin B12 and folate…