Pyelonephritis

Pathophysiology for chronic kidney failure • Chronic kidney failure, also previously known as chronic kidney disease, is a nonreversible disease. The kidney may lose up to 80% of its nephrons before any signs and symptoms may appear. The nephron is the smallest part of the kidney and its job is to filter blood. The loss of nephrons can come from various ways ranging from diabetes, hypertension, urinary tract obstruction, chronic glomerular disease and chronic infection. Diabetes causes loss…

Organ Transplants Doctors have been performing organ transplants since the year 1954. Organ transplantation is a very difficult task and requires a lot of training, skill, and patience. The first recorded organ transplant was performed on December 23, 1954, it was performed on twin brothers, Ronald and Richard Herrick. The doctor that performed this surgery was Dr. Joseph Murray. He was the Nobel winner for performing the first ever kidney transplant, and he died at the age of 93. Since then…

proper technique to avoid catheter acquired UTI’s (CAUTI’s) because hospitals don’t get money when patients receive hospital acquired infections and patients come into the hospital to get better, not to get sicker. CAUTI’s can lead to cystitis, pyelonephritis, and in severe cases, end up as a bacterial invasion in the bloodstream called bacteremia. Bacteremia can result in septicemia…

Over the past several years, Foley catheters have become the most frequently used implantable medical device (Stickler, 2014). A Foley catheter is simply an indwelling urinary catheter. These catheters are necessary for a broad variety of conditions including, patients with acute urinary retention or bladder outlet obstruction, patients undergoing surgical repair of the genitourinary tract, critically ill patients requiring frequent and urgent measurements of urinary output, incontinent patients…

An infection that involves the urethra, uterus, kidney and bladder is considered to be a urinary tract infection, or UTI (CDC, 2015). Normally, bacteria do not live in those areas, but if the bacterium does come in contact with those areas, an infection will occur. Symptoms of a urinary tract infection include burning sensations, pain in the lower abdomen, an increase in the frequency of urination and occasionally bloody urine. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)…

Proteus Mirabilis is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium. It is commonly found in water, soil and fecal matter. Proteus mirabilis is a bacterium that causes urinary tract infections, stemming from cystitis, pyelonephritis, and possibly prostatitis, it can also cause wound infections and pneumonia. Most cases of UTI infections caused by proteus mirabilis are caused by catheters placed in long-term hospitalized patients. Treatment for proteus mirabilis depends on…

muscles to protect inflamed viscera from pressure. Urinary tract infection/pyelonephritis Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common, especially in females. Most women will have more than one UTI in their lives. Most UTls are caused by a single organism that invades the bladder via the urethra (LongmoreÍ'ÍÍI/2004). Proximal invasion of the organism into the renal system via the ureter may result in acute or chronic pyelonephritis ( Wyatt et al 2005 ). UTIs are characterised by suprapubic…

infection, the more acute it is. The kidneys and the urethras make up the upper urinary while the bladder and the urethra makes up the lower urinary tract (Spoorenberg, et al., 2015). A UTI in the kidneys is the most severe and goes by the name pyelonephritis while urethritis is an infection in the urethra and is the least severe. An infection in the bladder is called cystitis. Studies have proved that UTIs are more prevalent in women…

General Unknowns Bacterium Vitality en Vida Bacteria play a vital role in our daily lives. It is therefore our right to know the importance of being able to distinguish certain strains of bacteria. With the right knowledge we would be able to come up with a cure for a disease. An identity gives way to knowledge, to better understanding and access to information on how an organism works and how we can prevent its worsening effects or isolate its benefits. Scientists have been trying to…

Chertow, & Hall, 2010). CKD is associated with systemic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, systemic lupus erythematosus, or direct kidney problems, including kidney stones, acute kidney injury, chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, obstructive uropathies, or vascular disorders (McCance & Huether, 2014). The measure of kidney function is directly related to the renal blood flow (McCane & Huether, 2014), a certain drop leads to uremia followed by an onslaught of…