Pyelonephritis

Assessing the current and historical health history of the pregnant woman directs the appropriate antenatal care, allowing planning of appropriate intrapartum management, whilst preparing postpartum and postnatal care options. Effective antenatal advice provided by midwives’ enables the patient to make informed choices regarding care during pregnancy (3Centres Collaboration, 2012e; Australian Health Ministers’ Advisory Council [AHMAC], 2012; AHMAC, 2014). Reviewing and monitoring progress…

Acute renal failure can be caused by several different conditions, however, the causes are often categorized as prerenal, intrinsic, and postrenal. Prerenal causes are characterized by a marked decrease in blood flow to the kidneys, while intrinsic causes are attributed to physical damage within the kidney, and postrenal cause an obstruction in fluid flow from the kidneys through the ureters, bladder, or even urethra. Some different prerenal causes include hypovolemia as a result of hemorrhage,…

responsible for filtering so this is where the liquid waste comes from. It starts in your kidney and travels from the ureter to the bladder and out of your urethra. So in turn an upper urinary tract infection can also be called a kidney infection, or pyelonephritis. This type of urinary tract infection is very dangerous if left untreated it can cause septicaemia. “Symptoms can be pain in the lower back, fever, chills, nausea and vomiting”. When you start feeling the pain it is best to see the…

It is important to make an accurate diagnosis in this case as the risk of severe illness and treatment varies between an uncomplicated and a complicated UTI.1 The absent of classical presentation of loin pain and rigors would make acute pyelonephritis very unlikely. She was also haemodynamically stable on examination and showed no signs of urosepsis. Hence, based on this patient’s complaint of dysuria, frequency and suprapubic pain accompanied by urinalysis findings of leucocytes and nitrites;…

usually relates to anemia and the level of anemia correlates with the severity of renal failure. Many conditions can cause CKD, causes such as anemia, heart disease, diabetes, high-blood pressure, peripheral vascular disease, renal artery stenosis, pyelonephritis, analgesic abuse, polycystic kidney diseases, allergic reactions, glomerulonephritis systemic lupus erythematosus, sickle…

a specific threshold number of bacteria present in urine. This number is usually greater than 100,000/mL and may consist of urethral syndrome and pyelonephritis as well as cystitis (Dan et al, 2004). Lower UTIs are those that involve the bladder while upper UTIs involve the kidneys. UTIs include cystitis which is bacteria in the bladder, pyelonephritis, which is an infection of the kidneys and urethral syndrome (Epp &…

What is HELLP Syndrome? HELLP syndrome is a life-threatening liver disorder that occurs during pregnancy and postpartum. It is characterized by hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells), elevated liver enzymes (which indicate liver damage), and low platelet count. According to Olds’Maternal-Newborn Nursing Tenth Edition, HELLP is usually related to preeclampsia and about 10% to 20% of women who have severe preeclampsia develop HELLP prior to 37 weeks’ gestation 50% of the time. However it may…

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) 24% of the most women suffer from the first UTI , in between the ages of 18-24 and 1 in 2 women will experience a UTI in their life time. A woman has frequent UTI three or more in a year should ask the doctor for the treatment options that available. Urinary Tract Infection happened in male and females but more common in females. Why in women? Because women have urethra or lined with sphincter muscle shorter than man. When a bacterium gets into the urine and gets in…

The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, a bladder and a urethra. The kidneys are bean shaped structures that filter blood and collect waste to form urine. The ureter which are like two tubes carry the formed urine to the bladder which hold the urine until it has been expelled through the urethra. A urinary tract infection is an infection which can happen anywhere along the tract. Most infections usually occur along the lower tract however it can spread to kidneys which can be…

The Reduction and Prevention of Catheter Acquired Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTI) CAUTI or catheter acquired urinary tract infections place an especially heavy burden on today’s health care system. CAUTI increase patient complications and extend admission time while reducing the health care institutions income because the care provided for CAUTI is no longer reimbursable. This means that the health care institution owns that CAUTI and all of its associated cost to care for it. This paper…