Punitive damages

our history, one can see how there were many examples of how the government violated this amendment. The Supreme Court, in a line of several cases over the past decade, has established a strict federal constitutional excessiveness review for punitive damages…

Hinton, accurately points out in her article, A War within Our Own Boundaries": Lyndon Johnson's Great Society and the Rise of the Carceral State, when she puts forth, “Born from one of the most idealistic enterprises in the nation’s history, the punitive transformation of domestic urban policy that now overshadows much of the Great Society’s social promise has left as its legacy more crime, more prisons, and more inequality.” (Hinton 13 of 13) The killing of a fifteen-year-old African American…

Introduction During the 1950s and 1960s, the African American Civil Rights Movement was taking place. During this time period there was a great amount of pressure to give not only African Americans but minorities, those of other religions, and women equal opportunities. For a substantial period of time these individuals were oppressed. The Civil Rights Movement and the desire to undo past wrongs resulted in the creation and enforcement of affirmative action programs. The executive order of…

The operation itself was successful, however, while in recovery Mr. Canterbury fell out of bed. This fall led to the lower half of the young man’s body to be paralyzed. As a result of the scarring event, Canterbury sought damages for his injuries, claiming the doctor was negligent in informing the patient of the risk of paralysis. Doctors have “long borne a duty, on pain of liability for unauthorized treatment, to make adequate disclosure to the patient”(Canterbury vs Spense)…

Since the beginning of the United States, alcohol has been apart of the US and it’s culture. During the colonial times of America people drank alcohol on a regular basis, but the colonists strong social views on drunkenness stopped many from drinking over moderation. The first controversy with alcohol and the US occurred after the Revolutionary War and was referred to as the Whiskey Rebellion. This rebellion was led by farmers who produced liquor who felt the taxing of alcohol was unfair.…

Essay #1: Often in history, great nations partner up and form formidable alliances. Even in the twentieth century, with the two World Wars, world powers were joining up and taking on each other. Together with their partners, these nations sought victory they did not think was possible on their own. Likewise, in the case of the United States, one of its earliest and most needed allies was France. France was long known for its rivalry with Britain, and sharing the same enemy, it would make sense…

“provide for the U.S. government a method to educate and civilize Native children away from the influences of their savage lifestyle and unchristian ways” (2000:6). Boarding schools were set up with a military structure, and enforced rigid structure and punitive discipline. The staff of the boarding schools fit right into the model of education. Although many were attracted to the boarding schools, very few had an understanding of the Native American culture. Many of the staff had a military…

In 2015, there were 6,822 receipts filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. This number is only the number of times that a charge was filed, this does not take into account how many times someone was sexually harassed and did not report it. Sexual harassment is defined as, “conduct typically experienced as offensive in nature, in which unwanted sexual advances are made in the context of a relationship of unequal power or authority” (Kane-Urrabazo p. 609). There are two main…

have faced prejudice, discrimination, stereotypes, and oppression for centuries. According to Cerebral Palsy Alliance, Cerebral palsy (CP) is an umbrella term that refers to a group of disorders affecting a person’s ability to move. It results from damage to the developing brain either during pregnancy or shortly after birth. Cerebral palsy affects people in different ways and can affect body movement, muscle control, muscle coordination, muscle tone, reflex, posture, and balance. People…

Stereotypes: Realities, Threats and Consequences Stereotypes can basically be defined as classification of individuals or groups of people depending on narrow and often incorrect assumptions. People who use stereotypes do so because of their seeming inability to take time to view a person or groups based on who they really are. Stereotypes have become common in various facets of the society and continue to be damaging as well as affecting people’s expectations. Generally, there are various…