Pulse-width modulation

misfires on 1,4,6,and 7. The AFM system relies on hydraulic pressure to cancel cylinders to conserve fuel which is controlled through Valve Lifter Oil Manifold (VLOM). The powertrain control module (PCM) controls the VLOM through groundside pulse width modulation and when driving condition are correct it uses solenoids within the VLOM to hydraulically cancel cylinders 1,4,6, and 7. These hydraulic lifters are prone to failure and damage internal engine…

1. The background and significance of the project DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the main chemical components of Chromosome, and is the material composition of genes. In the breeding process, the parent is passed to the offspring to copy part of their own DNA, thus completing the spread of traits. DNA is well-suited for biological information storage. The DNA backbone is resistant to cleavage, and both strands of the double-stranded structure store the same biological information. DNA…

The supercontinuum is generated based on the nonlinear propagation of the multi-cycle laser pulses, carried at central wavelength ~790nm, and τFWHM pulse duration is ~ 22 fs (in intensity) at 1mJ., in a gas filled hollow core fiber (HCF). Hence, these pulses are focused by a bi-convex lens (f=1.8 m) into the hollow core fiber entrance. The beam size at the focus is ~ 200 µm. The converging beam enters the HCF apparatus chamber…

What is Fuel Pump? This is the device that takes fuel from the fuel tank and delivers it as per the demands of the engine. So the fuel is drawn from the tank and propelled into the internal combustion engine through the fuel pump. If the fuel pump is working effectively, the car will run properly. Mechanical Fuel Pumps Before the extensive adoption of electronic fuel injection, most of the carburetted automotive engines had mechanical fuel pumps that are also known as “puller pumps”. These had…

software engineering course. The Arduino programming language used in the project is quite similar to C programming and Java programming. Those courses helped us to write the program for the project. The embedded systems course teaches about Pulse Width modulation, analog to digital conversion, and the use of general purpose I/O. This course helped us to use the microcontroller. The charging unit implemented in this project dealt with concepts and ideas covered in both Electronics I and II, such…

Review on Arduino MKRZero (Image Source - www.arduino.cc) Introduction Launched in December 13th 2016, Arduino MKRZero is the newest addition to Arduino family. This board is specifically designed to access the processing power and features of Arduino Zero but in a small form factor. Its form factor is based on the existing Arduino MKR1000. MKRZero is available for $21.90/€20.90 + tax on www.store.arduino.cc worldwide. This board is powered by Microchip SAM D21 ARM Cortex®-M0+ MCU…

Television and the Internet are, in the 21st century, replacing radio. In fact, advances in technology have allowed people to access an increasing amount of information, through different forms. A person wanting to learn about world news can now go on the Internet, read a newspaper, watch television or listen to the radio. The technology behind radio as well as its inventors is the reason why, nowadays, people have an unlimited access to information; it began in 1844, with the invention of the…

Design and implementation of MPPT based charger of wheelchair batteries using Photovoltaic Arrays Radhika Vaid, Vaibhav Maheshwary, Sharang Mittal Abstract The development of renewable energy for the generation of electric power has been a critical topic in the current century with the growing problem of global warming and other environmental issues. Recently solar power has become a practical source for the generation of electricity worldwide. However the PV cell output is relatively low for…

1. Introduction 1.1 History The lunchboxes which were available earlier were not useful for kids. In 1800s, workers carry metal buckets to store food while going to workplace. In fact, your lunch pail illustrated your place on the economic scale -- a lunch pail meant you couldn't afford a hot noontime meal. This didn't stop children from wanting to emulate their working parents, however Later, kids fashioned their own lunch buckets from tin boxes that were originally used to hold cookies or…

The ability to record great vocal tracks in the studio is a benchmark skill for any recording engineer who wants to be taken seriously. These are the tracks that are going to show your clients if you really are the savvy studio guru that those “me at the sound board looking smart” pictures portray you as. Just as the vocal track is exposed and nearly naked, so will you be. So read on, and master each of these essential vocal recording concepts. How to fine-tune a singer Great vocal recordings…