Pulmonary vein

Varicose Veins Varicose veins are veins that have become enlarged, bulging, and twisted. They most often appear in the legs. CAUSES This condition is caused by damage to the valves in veins. These valves help blood return to your heart. When they are damaged and stop working properly, blood may flow backward and back up in the veins near the skin, causing the veins to get larger and appear twisted. The condition can result from any issue that causes blood to back up, like pregnancy, prolonged…

report a rare but completely avoidable complication i.e. loss of guide wire inside the vein during subclavian venous cannulation which was successfully removed by surgery. Keywords- Subclavian venous cannulation, Avoidable complication, Guide wire. Introduction- Although central venous catheterisation…

of an animal to the sun of their microcosm. Harvey outlines that the arteries and the veins contain the same blood in animals, and not blood from two separate sources as assumed by Galen. The document was written in 1628. It was written to Prince Charles, King of Great Britain, France, and Ireland. Harvey mentions Galen (Greek physician) and mentions that the same blood going into the heart, arteries and veins. At that time two separate systems were assumed to be involved in blood circulation.…

Deep vein Thrombosis is the third most common cardiovascular disease after acute coronary syndromes and strokes, affecting 2 million individuals in the US each year. (Theodorou, Theodorou, & Kakitsubata, 2003) Although more commonly limited to the veins of the calf, lower extremity deep vein thrombosis is a very serious medical condition that can result in death or disability. DVT is a condition that happens when blood clots are present and forms in a deep vein, usually in the leg. It is…

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition where a blood clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs. The deep veins pass through the deep tissues of the legs. These veins transport blood from the legs and feet back to the heart. The superficial veins are located beneath the surface of the skin, and the deep veins run between muscles of the legs. Contractions of these muscles helps to squeeze the blood towards the heart when we move our legs. Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are…

Abstract The purpose of this exercise laboratory experiment was to, analyse and observe the role that exercise plays in affecting the blood pressure and heart rate of a patient, with and without the consumption of caffeine. In this experiment, a cycle ergometer (Monark 824E, Monark Exercise, Sweden) was used in an incremental style type exercise that measured the fourteen healthy participants blood pressure and heart rate at various interval stages. The blood pressure and heart rate were…

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome The Superior Vena Cava (SVC) is the main blood vessel that transports de-oxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart. The SVC is a short vein located in the anterior right Superior Mediastinum, which is the area found in the mid-line of the Thorax (Drake et al. 2010). The vein is surrounded by many structures involved in the respiratory and circulatory system including the right Bronchus and the Mediastinal lymph nodes (Martini & Ivonne 2004). Figure 1 is a…

Introduction Mitral valve regurgitation, also called mitral regurgitation, is a condition in which blood leaks from the mitral valve in the heart. The mitral valve is located between the upper left chamber of the heart (left atrium) and the lower left chamber of the heart (left ventricle). Normally, this valve opens when the atrium pumps blood into the ventricle, and it closes when the ventricle pumps blood out to the body. Mitral valve regurgitation happens when the mitral valve does not close…

effects 5. Preserved platelet function 6. Avoidance of hypothermia 7. Less expensive 50. Contraindications to acute normovolemic hemodilution? Major complications? Contraindications: 1. Anemia 2. Decreased renal function 3. CAD 4. Carotid disease 5. Pulmonary disease 6. Liver disease 7. Inadequate vascular access Major Complications: 1. Myocardial…

The force in the arteries when blood pumped by the heart hits the walls of arteries is known as blood pressure . When the heart contracts,the highest pressure in the arteries is known as the systolic pressure . Whereas , the lowest pressure in the arteries in between two heart beats is referred to as diastolic pressure . A normal individual would have a blood pressure of below 120/80 mmHg. High blood pressure or otherwise known as hypertension is a condition when the force in the arteries are…