Pulmonary hypertension

CVI is insidious in onset due to the time it takes for the pump valves in the veins to be damaged. The diminished action of pump valves result to development of varicose veins and venous hypertension. This sequence of events doesn’t occur in DVT. DVT is rapid in reaction due to the subsequent inflammatory response and the formation of thrombus. The etiology is mostly related to immobility, hypercoagulable states and inherited abnormalities…

A condition in which the force of the blood against the artery walls are high enough that it can cause health problems. Hypertension hikes the chances of getting a disease of the heart and having a stroke. Hypertension, also known as High Blood Pressure, has had many theories on how it was discovered. It has been around since the early Egyptian empires, but the importance did not come around until around the 1950s. By the 16th Century Leonardo Da Vinci showed many diagrams of the anatomical…

cannot pump enough blood into the lungs for gas exchange. Resulting in peripheral edema, ascites, and jugular vein distention (JVD). Left-sided heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump oxygen rich blood into the body and results in pulmonary congestion, shortness of breath, and fatigue (Heart Failure, 2014). Heart failure can affect the right side or the left side of the heart, and often times it involves both sides of the heart. The most common causes for heart failure are…

1 Emphysema 2 Pulmonary fibrosis – likely asbestosis 3 Type 2 diabetes 4 Hypertension 5 Depression Thank you for Lindsay Cullen. Unfortunately, a referral letter was not available at the time of consultation, but I gather Lindsay is a retired Telstra maintenance worker who reports asbestos exposure over a ten-year period, up until 25 years ago. Lindsay is also an ex-smoker of approximately 20 pack-years, having ceased this habit 25 years ago. As you are aware, for a number of years Lindsay…

kidney damage, atherosclerosis, stroke, and heart attack. If left untreated, it can lead to abruptio placentae, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral vascular accident, acute renal failure, and intrauterine growth restrictions for the fetus (Norton 2007).” This decreased circulation leads to significant changes as follows: Decreased renal perfusion reduces the glomerular filtration rate causing blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid levels to rise; Glomerular damage from the reduced renal blood…

from diabetes, hypertension, urinary tract obstruction, chronic glomerular disease and chronic infection. Diabetes causes loss of nephrons because there is so much glucose in the blood that the glucose get stuck at the filtering site of the nephron causing inflammation and scar tissue to develop. Once scar tissue develops on the nephron, the nephron is lost and no longer able to function.…

benign polyp and become malignant. “It will invade and destroy normal tissue and extend into surrounding structures” (Hinkle & Cheever, 2014). The cancer may spread to other parts of the body; for example, the liver, peritoneum, and lungs. Hypertension Hypertension occurs when there is an increase in cardiac output or total peripheral resistance,…

II. Health Problems for Further Assessment and Follow-up Chronic Respiratory Disease Based on Mr. Jim’s history of cigarette smoking, the chronic respiratory disease that he could be suffering from is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is primarily caused by cigarette smoking and is typified by partially reversible, progressive airway obstruction, systemic manifestations, lung inflation, and increased severity and frequency of exacerbations (O’Donnell et al. 2007, p. 5). Jim’s…

5 in the setting of longstanding hypertension, possible polycystic kidney disease, BPH, obesity, who presents for evaluation for candidacy for a kidney transplant. The patient has been evaluated recently at Shands Hospital for kidney transplant, but his evaluation was not completed due to obesity and possible cardiac problems. Renal History: The patient has longstanding history of chronic kidney disease in the setting of longstanding uncontrolled hypertension. He has never had a kidney…

Fibrillate means to contract very fast and irregularly. In Atrial Fibrillation the heart’s electrical signals don’t begin in the SA node, but begin in another part of the atria or in the nearby pulmonary veins. The signals don’t travel normally, they may spread through the atria in a rapid disorganized way. This can cause the atria to fibrillate. Also during Atrial Fibrillation, blood pools in the atria and isn’t pumped completely into the hearts…