Psychometrics

Norm referenced tests are used to compare and rank test takers to one another. This is determined by comparing scores against the performance results of a group of test takers with typically the same characteristics as same age or grade level, who have previously taken the exam (Great Schools Partnerships, 2015). These tests have been used for many years in education to assess children in need of special education services using best practices associated with norm-referenced tests. There are…

There are three levels of measurement: nominal, ordinal, and ratio. Nominal level data is the lowest level of data and is qualitative (word oriented). Ordinal data are assigned numbers reflecting on the order of the relationship between the characters studied. Interval level data is a move from the qualitative scale to the quantitative scale – numbers (Walker, 2009). It also builds on ordinal data and shows an equal value between categories. There are also three measures of central tendency:…

I. Introduction a. The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is to measure attitudes and beliefs that individuals may be unwilling or unable to be aware of. The IAT can be especially engaging if the results show that an individual may have an implicit attitude that they were unaware of. For an example, someone may consider men and women as equals in association with obligations; however, their initial, automatic associations could show that they, like many, associate men as more career-oriented and…

They are used in many different scenarios. For instance, the army and civil service have implemented this idea but, primarily standardized tests are associated with academic performance. Many discussions throughout the academic history since the beginning of standardized testing in favor of these tests can be noted, as well as, a number against since this method of monitoring and evaluating academic production has both produced benefits and setbacks. Standardized tests are viewed as an efficient…

Most important type of validity is the Construct Validity. Any research is impossible without employing constructs (Shadish et.al, 2002). In every research, we aim to understand or imagine constructs and measure their indicators to make inferences as well as judgements. Locke (2012) explains that construct validity is nothing but validating such constructs depending on their correlations with other variables that are indicators or theoretically related to the constructs in question. In order to…

Does Standardized Testing Accurately Test Intelligence? Standardized tests, such as the ACT or the American College Test, have been around for quite sometime; however, its importance is often questioned. In the last decade, more than half of U.S. colleges required ACT scores for prospective students to even have their applications reviewed (“How Many Colleges Are There In America” 1). Standardized testing may appear to benefit students, but it also promotes nothing but hardships to…

To begin, on September 28, I was given the opportunity to assess a kindergarten student. Before I presented the four assessments, my student and I got to know each other well. I told her some background information about me and she did the same in return. She told me her name is Ally. She is a five year old. Her birthday is October 14. She also stated she liked the color blue along with arts and crafts. Letter identification, phonemic awareness, sentence dictation and concepts of print were the…

1. How do the various types of scores differ regarding the information they provide? Scores provide feedback to teachers and students and reflect how a student is learning, meeting objectives, and achievement level. Raw scores are actual scores calculated by the sum of total correct answers or percentage and provide criterion-referenced information about a student’s performance. Number correct scores add up the number of items a student answered correcting and interpret the instructional…

Can Standardized Testing Cause a Negative Impact on Curriculum Design? Bertha Marie Payne University of West Alabama The discussion has been raised many times in regards to the negative impact that standardized testing can have on curriculum design. Some feel that the time, talent, and effort that goes into curriculum design is tainted by standardized test guidelines. This paper points out areas that can be negatively impacted by the over utilization of standardized assessment…

During this article, the authors describe to us what test anxiety is and how it can impact the student’s academic performance. Test anxiety can be defined as the physical conditions that people feel before they take a test. For example, some of these conditions could include headaches, nausea, or feelings of panic. One big factor that makes the students perform poorly is that they tend to worry about the test. By the students worrying about taking the test, it makes it harder for them to focus…