Psychoanalysis

When literary works such as novels, poetry, drama and short stories are meticulously intended to appreciate or evaluate the work, this makes the researchers cannot be separated from the characters and characterizations that contained in the literary work. Just as humans, these fictional figures also show behavior associated with psychology. Even in some literary works of fictional figures depicted deviate from normal human behavior. It works with stories like this are only analyzed as literary…

Tutorial 4 Research and practice: Congruence reconsidered This article (Tudor & Worral, 1994) review Carl Rogers' definitions of congruence, identifying four requirements for congruence such as self- awareness, self- awareness in action, communication and appropriateness and also explore the interface between congruence and the other conditions of therapeutic personality change. Rogers (1990a) describes six necessary conditions such as psychological contact, the state of the client,…

Goal setting In this case, I would like to use the cognitive behavioral approach to help the client, Wai. There are several cognitive behavioral approached, including the rational emotional behavioral therapy (REBT), cognitive therapy (CT) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Arnkoff & Glass (1992) pointed out that all of the cognitive behavioral approach share the same basic chrematistics and assumptions. Firstly, the client and the therapist have the collaborative relationship. Secondly,…

It is an attempt used by the ego to keep undesirable or painful thoughts id impulses from reaching consciousness. Repression occurs entirely on an unconscious level which involves preventing unpleasant experiences that are repulsive to the ego from reaching consciousness. Although it is assumed that most of the painful event from the first five years of live are suppressed they tend to have a big influence in behaviour at the later stage. The person is also not in control of the repressed…

Man’s Search for Meaning Victor Frankl’s book is one of the most important works in the 20th century psychology. Frankl was Austrian-Jewish psychotherapist, who worked in the beginning of the century with the famouse psychologists Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler. His own ideas had insignificant impact on the neuro science and philosophy. In the books preface he speculates about the reasons for human to live, for the meaning of our lives and things important for every human being. He presents…

A variety of psychotherapy techniques have been used in group therapy settings. Each theoretical orientation has a variety of techniques that contribute to group work. For the purpose of this assignment, I will be examining the use of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as the theoretical orientation to guide group work. CBT is a very popular theoretical orientation for individual and group psychotherapy. The techniques used in CBT help a client recognize their maladaptive ways of thinking.…

Sigmund Freud, a world-renowned psychologist, best known for his work revolving around psychoanalytical psychology and the unconscious, came up with an idea called the “return of the repressed”. This idea details that individuals often lodge antisocial desires and impulses deep within our unconsciousness. Gail Hornstein calls these hidden desires and impulses “offending material”. In the case of Harlan Ellison’s short gothic story, “Shattered Like a Glass Goblin”, these materials are the…

LAP #2 Dreaming is an unknown phenomenon where illusions are materialized from incidents, beliefs, emotions, sensations and ideas. The deep rooted emotions and experiences surface from the soul in the rem of sleep. These disambiguations are usually seen as a bridge between an absolute reality and a distorted fabrication of the mind, however dreams have been perceived as a way of communication between a spiritual being and its subject in the unknown realm of mind. Sometimes these illusions may…

“Transpersonal theories focus on experiences and developmental processes that carry a person beyond the sense of an identity bound to the individual body and ego” (Robbins et al., 2012, p. 379). Trans-personal theorists believe that there is a developmental stage that goes beyond the egoic stage of individual and into a transegoic stage (self is united with others). The theory is also importantly defined within the states of consciousness and spirituality. There is considered to be according…

I found the theories based on traits and Freud's theory of psychosexual development the most interesting. I found the five-factor model of personality interesting because it is made up of five broad traits and efficiently describes how they contribute to a person’s personality; it is not limited or complex, making it easier to understand and see the correlations. Freud’s theory proposed an interesting perspective on personality. He describes personality as having three sides to it: id—present at…