Protist

keratin—a protein that forms hair and nails—, can also serve as food sources. Enzymes secreted by molds also provide resistance to phagocytosis even some also represents several carnivorous fungi, which have developed hyphal traps to capture small protists such as amoebae, as well as roundworms(Nematoda), rotifers, tardigrades, and small arthropods such as springtails. Thus the enzymes able to catalyze complex substrates protects them from phagocytosis whereas they themselves phagocytize other…

Introduction Water is a chemical compound comprised of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom and is written in the chemical equation form of H2O. Water has a tetrahedral molecular shape which is also known as tetrahedral electron pair geometry (Ophardt, 2003). This arrangement is due to valence electron pairs, mutually repelling each other at a 109.5-degree angle. This repulsion is caused by a non-bonding pair of electrons and two hydrogen atoms which in turn repel against each other to form…

In a few protists and organisms, mtDNA can be direct. Mitochondrial DNA is all around preserved inside taxa. For instance, numerous flying creatures or warm-blooded animals have a similar quality request. Creature mitochondrial DNA encodes two ribosomal RNAs, 22 exchange…

evolution of life, and shaping the ecology of countless species. Endosymbionts and their hosts typically represent distinct domains of life. The origin of primary plastid is traced back to a single primary endosymbiosis where a non-photosynthetic protist engulfs a photosynthetic cyanobacteria as cytoplasmic organelles. Plastids and the mitochondria are organelles in eukaryotic cells that derived from bacterial endosymbionts through the invasion and enslavement of synergistic amalgamation. The…

Background: A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing permanent chemical change. The most common catalysts in biological systems are special proteins called enzymes. Enzymes are long chains of amino acids that have taken a very specific three-dimensional shape called a globular shape. This specific shape contains an area that is designed to match a specific molecule. The substance that an enzyme operates on is known as its substrate.…

Photosynthesis and Leaf Structure Experiment Introduction The primary function of leaves is to conduct photosynthesis, a biochemical process in which plants, as well as a variety of bacteria and protists produce food from sunlight (EEB, 2016). Photosynthesis requires the acquisition light, water, and carbon dioxide and the removal of oxygen. Sodium bicarbonate is added as the bicarbonate ion acts as a carbon source for photosynthesis. Light independent reactions are catalyzed through the power…

Structure and Functional Differences and Similarities of Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes All living organisms are made up of cells. Different types of organisms require different cellular structures to function properly. Eukaryotes are structurally more complex than prokaryotes. While prokaryotes don’t have any membrane-bound organelles in common with eukaryotes, prokaryotes do have some non-membrane-bound components in common with eukaryotes. Eukaryotes are made of several key organelles whose…

algae and cyanobacteria that form the base of most aquatic food webs” (124). Phytoplankton is green when examined in a microscope while zooplankton is not. Zooplankton are defined as “nonphotosynthetic organism that include protozoa (animal-like protists), tiny shrimplike crustaceans, and the larval (immature) stages of many animals.” Benthos are not small microscopic organisms like zooplankton and phytoplankton. Raven, Berg and Hassenzahl define Benthos as “bottom-dwelling organisms that fix…

Results: During this lab, we finish watching the video “earth from space” and begin discussing the procedures that will be taking place at the COM field ecology laboratory. We learn about the experiments that will be conduct to study primary production, ecological succession and population dynamics in the lab. Discussion A. What is primary production? Primary production is the production of biomass from chemical energy (primarily sunlight) “during a given time of period in an ecosystem” (pg.…

Is the Growth of Microcystis and Lake Water Protists Affected by Phosphorus Concentration? _______________________________________ Purpose The purpose of this experiment is to determine if algae will grow more if fertilizer is added to the water where the algae is growing. Background/ Introduction An algal bloom is an increase and accumulation of algae in freshwater or salt water systems. Most algae blooms are caused by blue-green algae. Blue-green algae is actually not algae at all, it is…