Protein methods

ACR response curve for both groups Graph9: DAS28 response curves for both groups CASE STUDY 4: RITUXIMAB & ITS BIOSIMILAR Rituximab is monoclonal antibody used to reduce auto-immune disorders, transplant rejections, etc. Rituximab binds to CD20 proteins which are found on the surface of B cells and decrease the effectiveness of natural killer cells in killing these B cells. It destroys B cells and hence treat dysfunctional or excessive number of B cells. Rituximab was developed at IDEC…

reaction (building up of molecules). The process involves a diversity of biomolecules interacting with one another in order to make up a new biochemical for a particular use in the body. The main categories of biochemical include: nucleic acids, proteins, sugars (carbohydrates), and lipids (fats) (ACS, 2015). What is a specific example that exists for biochemical reactions? A specific example that exist for biochemical…

Viral pathogens use liver cells to replicate, then attach to their lipid droplets to to accumulate, assemble and bud off into the rest of the body. Liver produces and secretes LDL, VLDL and HDL which are taken up by every cell in the body that uses cholesterol, including the liver cells that take them up too.2 Viruses hijack these lipoproteins and use them to get into the liver cells, where they replicate, which opens up a gateway to the rest of the body. They replicate within the endoplasmic…

A membrane is defined as a thin sheet, film, or layer, which works as a selective barrier between two phases that can be liquid or gas.113 In other words, a membrane is an interface between two adjacent phases acting as a selective barrier, regulating the transport between the two components.114 Membranes have gained an important place in chemical technology and are used in a broad range of applications.115,116,117 The key property that is exploited is the ability of a membrane to control the…

Specific activity is useful to know for a protein as it is a good indicator of an enzyme 's purity and quality. The Bradford assay measures total protein in the assay, and was calculated as 4.2mg/mL. The result was calculated from a set of four concentrations, of which there was a standard deviation of 1.3mg/mL and a standard error of 0.66mg/mL. These…

selected comply with the Lipinski rule of five. A total of 50 molecules were taken up for the study. 3.2 Virtual screening: To further screen the compounds, additional similarity metrics were calculated by ROCS. ROCS is a shape based superposition method used to perceive similarity between molecules based on their three dimensional shape. We used benzimidazole as the query molecule. The extent of overlap between the ligands and the query was quantified in the form of a tanimoto combo score. The…

vortexed for proper mixture, five or ten minutes’ wait was followed to ensure a better read. The spectrophotometer was used to analyze the absorbance of protein in five micrometer tubes including the unknown after 5-10 minutes. The unknown absorbance found out from the spectrophotometer was used to figure out the concentration of the unknown protein. The wavelength was 595nm for all five tubes tubes including the unknown. Before the actual reading of the concentration in the tube,…

Protein Purification Practical Report Student Name : Noel Murphy Date : 28 February 2015 UF/DF Practical Question Report Ultrafiltration (UF) and Diafiltration (DF) steps are carried out prior to every chromatography step and post the final polishing chromatography step. These UF and DF steps are vitally important, the UF step concentrates the protein product into a smaller volume of buffer, while the DF step alters the conditions the protein product is sitting in i.e. Buffer exchange.…

4. Discussion ZnO NPs are known to be cytotoxic and genotoxic in vitro and in vivo [9; 24-26]. However there is a lack of information where immunomodulatory effects of ZnO NPs are considered. Since, in vitro system cannot mimic the complexity of an in vivo system; hence in vivo is preferred for the toxicological evaluation. In the present study BALB/c mice were chosen as the in vivo model due to their immunocompetence and similarity with human metabolic activity, biochemical and physiological…

Information: Layer chicks require copious amounts of energy, minerals and protein to ensure a productive and efficient laying-life. An efficient starter feed should contain energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals. Energy is one of the most vital nutrients within feed as it supports body, bone and organ development. It also gives chicks energy to walk around and live a happy life which is important for the welfare of the chicks. Protein is also vital to chick development as it is the source of…