Prostaglandin

Atropine inhibits the action of acetylcholine at the prostaglandin sites located in the smooth muscle, secretory glands and the CNS. It is used as an antidote for anticholinesterase poisoning and used to increase heart rate and dilate pupils. It is also used to treat hypermotility in the GI tract for issues such as irritable bowel syndrome. Atropine is also used for mydriasis, and decreased secretions from glands. The recommended dose for adults via IM/IV is 0.4-0.6mg 30-60min pre-op to decrease…

substance in the body to reduce pain. Esther Inglis-Arkell says “It was derived from willow and birch bark, and works by blocking a certain enzyme. Cyclooxygenase-2 is basically an alarm bell, ordering out the troops. It manufactures a chemical called prostaglandin,…

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of Aloe vera-Green tea mouthwash in reducing pain after the periodontal pocket reduction surgery. Materials and Methods: A randomized, split-mouth, double-blind, cross-over study was conducted on 45 patients between 25 and 50 years of age requiring pocket reduction surgery. Patients underwent bilateral surgeries in two sessions. After the first surgery, the patients were randomized to receive either mouth-wash or placebo for 10 days,…

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For comparison, that is the equivalent of being around forty-five feet underwater. The chamber is then filled with pure oxygen that the person breaths in for about one to two hours. This technique has been connected with a decrease in the body’s prostaglandin and interleukin production. The latter two substances are both involved in the body’s inflammatory response, where runaway production of the two can lead to inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis. Another one of these…

(Hershfield et al., 2013, p. 154). Mobic is an Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs are widely prescribed medications that help reduce inflammation. The exact mechanism of action is unknown. NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase, this reduces prostaglandin and thromboxane synthesis reducing inflammation and pain (Chen, Zhang, & Zhang, 2015). I chose Norvasc and Lipitor because they did not have any adverse reactions or interactions that contraindicated use. I would also educate the…

hypersensitivity reaction. It could be atopic (extrinsic) or non-atopic (intrinsic). In atopic asthma: In early phase, When asthmatic people inhale allergen, this will lead to bronchoconstriction due to the release of mediators by mast cells (histamine, prostaglandin, and leukotrienes) and this will lead to contraction of airway smooth muscle. When the person Expose to an allergen the IgE antibodies level will increase. The change in IgE production is related to Th2 (these cells are not…

These two types of enzymes are responsible for the synthesis of prostaglandins. COX-1 is the most frequently expressed housekeeping isoenzyme, it provides gastric protection and keeps the vascular system in homeostasis. On the other hand, COX-2 is inducible, and is triggered when inflammation is started in the tissue.…

Whilst we generally hear of the story of how getting pregnant was hard, but staying pregnant was easy, this story is less frequently told, but occurs with approximately 15% of all pregnancies (Serrano and Lima 2006). “At 29 I discovered that, for me, getting pregnant was easy, but staying pregnant was difficult. It took three miscarriages before I finally fell pregnant and stayed that way, eventually leading to my first successful pregnancy at age 34.” It is stories like these that make us…

1. Describe the following cellular adaptations: atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, dysplasia (atypical hyperplasia), and metaplasia. Atrophy is when a cell adapts due to decreased trophic influences, the cell function is decreased and nutrition is decreased, this process decreases the cell size because it looses its subcellular organelles and substances often causing organs to decrease in size and function. Hypertrophy is the opposite of atrophy and causes the cells to enlarge and therefore…