Prokaryote

between them that can help to associate between each one. Eukaryotes are any organism that consists of one or more cells that have DNA in a membrane-bound nucleus.(En.wikipedia.org, 2017) A eukaryotic cell is a large, more complex cell compared to a prokaryote. Inside a eukaryote, consists of many different organelles, all with vital roles to play…

The term genome can be applied specifically to mean that stored on a complement set of nuclear DNA but can also be applied to that stored within organelles that contain their own DNA as with the mitochondrial genome or the chloroplast genome. All prokaryotes and eukaryotes genome contain significant portion of repetitive DNA, there are two categories of repetitive DNA in genome: tandem repeats and interspersed repeats (Cregan, 1992). Tandem repeats can be classified as minisatellites and…

GENE REGULATION: Gene regulation is the method of limiting the genes in the cell’s DNA, which are expressed. It is utilize to form a functional manufacture for an example protein. Various cells in a multi cellular organism might express very difficult group of genes. Although, they consist the similar DNA. Human having over ten thousands of genes in their genome. Cells are expressed the all genes. Even an organism as simple as bacterium must carefully regulate gene expression. Ensuring that the…

functional, and biological unit of all known living organisms” (Wikipedia, Cell(Biology), viewed 19th March 2016, Cells can be classified into two major groups- Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotes are organisms that do not contain a cell nucleus and have no membrane bound organelles. Prokaryotes can be divided into two domains, Archaea and Bacteria. However organisms, whose cells are organized into complex structures by a nucleus, contain internal membranes and a cytoskeleton are…

All bacteria are lacking of a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane bound organelles, classifying them as prokaryotes. In the six-kingdom system used by the United States, all bacteria fall into the taxonomic kingdom of either archaebacteria or eubacteria. Bacteria are all unicellular and microscopic regardless of which kingdom they are grouped in. In general, archaebacteria are thought to resemble the first living bacteria on earth and are normally grouped by the climate in which they…

1.1 Introduction: Both living and non-living things are composed of molecules made from chemical elements such as Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen. The organization of these molecules into cells is one feature that distinguishes living things from all other matter. The cell is the smallest unit of matter that can carry on all the processes of life. The three principles define cell theory: 1. All living things are composed of one or more cells. 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and…

because all cells in these kingdoms are single-celled organisms whose organelles are not membrane bounds. They are also microscopically small. What is the average size of a bacterium? An average bacterium is about 1-2 micrometres long. How many prokaryote species have been discovered? How many are estimated to exist? Scientists have discovered 10 000 prokaryotic species but estimate that about 90 000 more exist. What is a pathogen? Are all bacteria pathogenic? List some examples of bacterial…

Whereas, prokaryotes cannot live in harsh conditions because of their complexity. Archaea can be found in places all over the world, like hot water pools, areas with high salt concentrations, cold temperature areas, and in areas without oxygen. They can grow in areas that would kill most organisms. It has distinct domains that make them extremophiles, meaning that they can grow in more than one condition. Additionally, prokaryotes include cells that have a nucleus, which…

An experiment was performed to analyze the effects of heat shock in yeast called Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to assess the hypothesis that yeast extracts up-regulate gene expression during heat shock the same way bacteria cells up-regulate gene expression during heat shock. In bacteria cells, heat shock causes the bacteria to up-regulate gene expression and produce more proteins. Similarly, gene expression and protein production increases in yeast during heat shock. Therefore, the experiment was…

by a reciprocal best cluster approach (3). The data was plotted out by black tick marks that clearly represented a gene presence within the taxon. The eukaryote-prokaryote clusters show a distinct pattern and were densely packed together and distributed among a certain group of prokaryotes. The distribution of the eukaryote-prokaryote clusters showed an undisputable imprint of endosymbiosis in the evolution of eukaryotic organisms (3). The experiment performed a genetic test among the large…