Productive and unproductive labour

Karl Marx and Adam Smith are both economists with theories of capital accumulation. Karl Marx was a German doctor of Philosophy. Adam Smith who was a Scottish moral philosopher developed a similar theory. The theories differ in the way they perceive labor value. Smith’s theory has a clear argument on capital accumulation such as his explanation for unproductive/productive labor in comparison to Marx. Marx’s explanation of productive labor, critique of abstinence theory, exploitation, and the so-called labor fund is less effective. Adam Smith was considered to be the father of economics. He was a professor at the University of Glasgow. He was the author of a book, The Wealth of Nations, which made him a better-known economist. Smith presents…

Naturalism unlike realism adopts more a philosophical position and holds man responsible for his actions and negates divine interventions. Naturalism considers human beings to be determined by their heredity and environment. The individual is at the mercy of determining social and economic forces. Each human being is determined by heredity and environment and "subject to the social and economic forces in the family, the class, and the milieu into which that person is born" (Abrams 153).…

productivity, alienation, class struggle and hegemony are revealed in Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s poem “Work Without Hope”. The first stanza depicts a natural world busy at work and this work is part of a natural process. “All Nature seems at work”; bees and birds are considered productive organisms and a Marxist reading could view this natural productivity as a working class with organisms that have the sole goal of productivity and that reveal a dominant ideology that “deeply saturat[es] the…

Borshay Lee, gathering is a far more important source of food than is hunting for the majority of non-agricultural societies. Hunter-gatherer settlements may be either enduring, impermanent, or some combination of both, this depends on the flexibility of the community. Mobile communities naturally construct shelters using buildings materials that are not permanent, natural rock shelters can be used too, where they are available(Lee, 1992). It is the family that decides as to how food will be…

The organization, besides providing a fair day’s wages, must also provide facilities like medical aid, crèches, subsidized food and transport required by workers. (b) From Employer’s Point of View Employers provide amenities to discharge their social responsibility, raise the employee’s morale, use the work force more effectively and reduce turnover and absenteeism. Welfare helps build a positive image of the organization and makes it easier for them to attract and hire competent personal. (c)…

What is the origin of the wealth of nations? This question posed by Adam Smith, the architect of classical economics, is appropriate starting point to understand how economic systems are essential to understanding national development. The wealth gap between countries can be attributed to the divergent national economic histories each nation possesses. Smith equates wealth with economic growth that arises from a growing source of labour and capital stock, increased efficiency in the use of…

employer and the Capitalism is that an employee who works for the love of it has a tendency to be a long-term-worker for the company. While those who work for money would easily quit the job, especially, when other company offers them more money in the same job. And this might not affect the employer and the economy in a good way. The most important reason is that working by the love of the job would turn the employee into the perfect workers . To illustrate, by doing what you love as work, you…

workers to organize or join labour unions and to negotiate with their employers, an act which changed the nation 's labor system. On November 2012 the first public act was a one-day strike. The workers demands were; an industry wide raise to fifteen dollars an hour and the right to form a union without retribution. The fast food campaign was funded by The Service Employees International Union (SEIU). In 1968 the minimum wage was $10.95 and in 2014 President Obama pledge to raise minimum wage…

control the labour market; in particular, employment protection laws such as those surrounding unfair dismissal. In effort to find ways to deregulate the market by regulating it in ways that would…

According to them, chief clerk and Gregor signify the roles of bourgeoisie and proletariat respectively (Marx & Engels, 2001). As can be seen from the story, chief clerk said, “your position in the firm is not so unassailable” (Kafka, 1915). His reaction tells us that he has ability and power to disrupt the position of Gregor in company, isolate and alienate him from the hierarchical society because chief clerk is “the class of modern Capitalists, owners of the means of social-production and…