Prevalence

most common nutritional disorder and the WHO attributes the causes of 50% of all anemias to iron Defiency (WHO, 2001) Globally an estimated 58.27 million women are anemic during pregnancy, 95.7% of whom live in developing countries. In Africa, the prevalence of anemia is estimated to be between 35% and 75% as compared to the developed countries where it is at 15%.the burden of the disease is high and more so in sub Saharan Africa. Anemia poses a 5 fold increase in overall risk of maternal death…

nosocomial infections[1, 2]. In 2010, an estimated 16 million operative procedures were performed in acute care hospitals in the United States. A prevalence study found that SSIs were the most common healthcare-associated infection, accounting for 31% of all HAIs among hospitalized patients [3]. The CDC healthcare-associated infection (HAI) prevalence survey found that there were an estimated 157,500 surgical site infections associated with inpatient surgeries in 2011[4]. In the United States,…

Question 3 HIV can be transmitted from the HIV positive mother to the infant during pregnancy, labor, delivery, and breastfeeding. Without an intervention, transmission rates range from 15% to 45%, but the rate can be reduced to below 5% with effective prevention programs (1). These interventions are known as prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT). PMTCT involves antiretroviral treatment (ART) for both the mother and infant. PMTCT also includes procedures to prevent HIV…

They used state survey data on smoking from 1985 to 2003 in a quasi-experimental design to examine the association between cumulative state anti-tobacco program expenditures and changes in adult smoking prevalence, after they controlled for confounding. Their study is a systematic assessment of the association between adult smoking, funding for state tobacco control programs, and state cigarette excise taxes. Their extensive research has shown that state…

deterioration in emotional control, social behaviour, or motivation"[1]. The prevalence of dementia is increasing worldwide. In year 2015, the global prevalence of dementia was estimated to be 46.8 million [2]. Dementia prevalence is predicted to almost double every 20 years, to 74.7 million in 2030 and 131.5 million in 2050. The incidence of dementia in 2015 was estimated to be 9.9 million [2]. Age-standardized prevalence of dementia among population aged 60 years or more was 5%–7% over the…

admitting they had smoked 30 days prior to the study dropped from 10.6 percent to 9.6 percent (Espejo). As proven by this study, just in one month, the number of young smokers declined without a law being enforced and, therefore, a law to diminish the prevalence of smoking in society proves to be unnecessary. One of the main causes for the natural decrease of smoking in society is the changing view individuals possess for smoking as time progresses. For instance, one writer claims there has…

et al. (2014) was aimed to determine the prevalence of atypical development in accordance with the occurrence of the broader autism phenotype among the sibling of children with autism spectrum disorder. The study was also objectified to identify the age at which the atypical development can be observed while determining the developmental domains that are highly affected due to the prevalence of atypical development. The study proposed that the prevalence of atypical development can be identified…

Director General, WHO’s Global TB program, and WHO Assistant Director General for HIV. It is explained that while the health programs have had great success, there is still a lot more research and intervention effort necessary to diminish TB and HIV prevalence in the world. This article will fit into my paper by offering recent information and observations on the outcome of current health intervention…

problem. Its prevalence varies widely in different population subgroups and is generally increasing with decreasing health and functional status and increasing dependency and disability. Whereas in the community less than 10% of independently living older persons are affected, the prevalence increases up to 50% or even more in nursing-home residents, geriatric patients in acute-care hospitals and patients in geriatric rehabilitation (Kaiser et al. 2010; Cereda 2012). However, prevalence rates…

Asthma Asthma is a chronic lung disease that irritates and narrows the respiratory airways. This lung disease is not limited to any specific age group, as it affects people of all ages, but it does begin developing in the childhood stage. Around 25 million Americans currently live with asthma, with a third of these people being children.¹ Living with this condition is a responsibility that the affected person must carry. Asthma is not considered to be a life threatening condition by most, but…