Pressure

Contrary to systolic dysfunction, diastolic malfunction is characterized by normal contractility and a typical ejection fraction. The relaxation of ventricles in this disorder is impaired, resulting in an increase in ventricular pressure into the left atrium and pulmonary venous system leading to signs of pulmonary and systemic venous congestion. This decrease in preload results in a decrease in blood volume, especially during periods of increased activity or exercise, when blood is unable to…

Case Study 5 – AB As discussed in case 3, septic shock results from widespread inflammation and vasodilation in response to an infection. Norepinephrine is useful in septic shock because it increases afterload to maintain adequate tissue perfusion (De Becker et al., 2012). Dobutamine is an inotropic drug used in septic shock as it stimulates myocardial beta-adrenergic receptors thus increasing cardiac output by increasing contractility and heart rate (Dellinger et al., 2013; Enrico et al.,…

The resident skin upper and lower limbs are pink, warm, and dry with a soft texture. Her skin turgor is less than 2 seconds with no wounds or lesions noted. There are pressure ulcers located on left and right buttocks. Resident scored a 13 which means she is at high risk for pressure ulcers on the Braden scale. The resident’s hair is straight, gray, fine with no appearance of balding. The resident’s finger nails are intact. Her nails appear to be pink, smooth, and curved with no splitting. Her…

important job for the body because it helps cope with extreme physical stress, an injury, or during birth. It also helps the body regulate the metabolism and maintain blood pressure. Another hormone that sometimes the adrenals do not make is aldosterone. This hormone helps the body retain salt needs and keeps your blood pressure steady. When aldosterone levels drops, the kidneys cannot keep the salt and water levels in balance. Because of this,…

brain (hypertensive encephalopathy), congestive heart failure, and pulmonary edema. Interestingly, isolated retinal changes with papilledema in an otherwise asymptomatic patient with very high blood pressure (formerly called "malignant hypertension") may benefit from a more gradual lowering of blood pressure over days rather than…

and morbidity in adults worldwide and it accounts for approximately one-third of mortality in Canada and in the United States” (p. 1441). In the article “Improving Blood Pressure Control Through Pharmacist Interventions: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials,” Santschi et al. provided statistics “Elevated blood pressure (BP) is also another major cause of death worldwide In the United States in 2009-2010, there was an estimation of…

rate, the number of beats per minute, and also systolic blood pressure increases as the intensity of the exercise increases. While diastolic blood pressure will remain the same with the exception of a 10-mmHg gap change. A typical person’s blood pressure remains around 120/80 millimeters of mercury (mmHg). It may not be the exact numbers but it is very similar to the standard. During a type of exercise a person’s systolic blood pressure, “the blood against the walls of the arteries during the…

Incidentaloma (Conns’ syndrome) is a disease of the adrenal glands involving excess production of aldosterone & patient usually presents with clinical features of hypokalemia and hypertension. Atypical clinical presentations with combination of normotension and normokalemia are described in few cases. In this case report patient presented with abdominal pain and essential hypertension only. To rule out other pathology Ultrasonography was performed & underlying adrenal adenoma was found.…

our society has been a controversial topic in all aspects of our life. However, one aspect that is rarely discussed among individuals is the racial inequality in health and that some racial groups are more prone to some diseases such as high blood pressure, diabetes, heart diseases, and certain cancers. The question that is predominantly asked concerning this topic is whether these illnesses are due to fundamental biological differences between different racial groups or if there are other…

(Unapologetically You, 2013, p. 112). Today, peer pressure is common all around the world and any person has a chance to easily undergo to it. Sometimes individuals even encounter with it, but they are not aware of being influenced by others. Peer pressure may have several positive effects that will encourage and motivate them to take satisfactory actions as their friends do. However, it is essential to realize that peer pressure may also lead to…