Potential

Justification and Relevance of Lesson Energy is the ability to do work. It has the potential to make changes, and any changes are due to work being done. This is significant because work can generate energy, and energy itself can do work (i.e., work done on windmills by the wind produces energy, and energy is used in homes to do work). Standards and Learning Objectives Content Learning Standards (s) HS-PS3-2: Energy at the macroscopic scale. • PS3.A: At the macroscopic scale, energy manifests…

Earthworm Action Potential Conduction Velocity: The Effects of Various Salts and Neurotransmitters When it comes to performing action potential experiments within the lab, the giant nerve fibers of an earthworm are an important tool for success. They yield a high success rate when compared to other organisms (Kladt, Hanslik, & Heinzel, 2010), and provide a more ethical means of testing how various neurotransmitters affect action potentials, instead of direct use on humans for pharmaceutical…

Important Vocabulary (highlighted in the handout): Stimulus, neurons, dendrites, neurotransmitters, axon, myelin, action potential, graded potential, transmembrane potential, neuroglia, cerebrum, spinal cord What is the central nervous system? It’s a system which consists of the nerves in the brain and spinal cord. This system only makes up about 3% of a human’s body weight but serves a vital function, gathering information about and reacting to its environment and any stimulus. Don’t Shoot the…

excitable cells, as they have the ability to produce an electric current to formrom an action potential from using a concentration gradient of ions across their membrane (Sherwood, 2013). The current generated by the flow of sodium (〖Na〗^+) and potassium ( K^+)ions is called an action potential and occurs in three steps: depolarization, repolarization, and hyperpolarization. First, a membrane potential 〖(V〗_m) is established by creating a concentration gradient of 〖Na〗^+ and K^+where there is a…

The experiments showed that the rate of action potentials can be affected by different stimulus and obstacles, like temperature or rate of which the action potential reaches the source though different obstacles. The earthworm experiment showed that action potentials work best under normal temperatures at which the organism can operate under like room temperature. Like in the FM imaging experiment it showed that most the earthworms sensors are on the surface of the earthworm, if the temperature…

colour change) causes these ion channels to open producing a change in the membrane potential of the receptor cell/s resulting in depolarisation. Once a threshold level of depolarisation is reached, approximately 15mv, the receptor cell stimulates the production of action potentials that are conducted along the membrane of a nerve fibre towards the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord). An action potential occurs like this: 1. A sensory nerve cell detects a stimulus (e.g. heat,…

My simple task was to pop a balloon. The item we used to pop the balloon was a mousetrap. I am going to go step by step through how I created my Rube Goldberg machine. First, we started out with a ramp that we dropped the ball on. That was our potential energy. Next, we had a ball drop down a tub at approximately 180°. That was mechanical energy. After that, the ball went through an elbow and hit another ball causing more mechanical energy and thermal energy from a ball hitting the other ball.…

Figure 1. An EMG Tracing of Triceps and Biceps Muscles Co-activation. EMG signal produces an electrical activity of the muscle fibers active at a moment time. The electrical activity is measured in millivolts per milliseconds. The top channel shows the bicep EMG, while the bottom EMG correlates to the triceps contraction traces. Shown on the top graph, there are two periods of bicep activation, each last approximately 1.5ms. When the biceps are activated, it produces increasing amplitude peaks,…

allows calcium ions to enter the cell membrane, the synaptic vesicles move forward and release acetylcholine (ACH). ACH combined with membrane receptors on the endplate cause electronic potentials, potassium and sodium ions exchanging start to spread both sides of muscle cell membrane to form the action potentials, and long with the cell membrane so that both sides of the terminal cistern will release Ca2+, Ca2+ and troponin binding to change tropomyosin, let actin exposed binding site to the…

Before a Trebuchet is fired, there is a large amount of potential gravitational energy in the counterweight. This is turned into kinetic energy as the counterweight falls. Since the law of the conservation of energy states that the energy has to go somewhere, the energy in the counterweight also needs to go somewhere…