Pope Urban II

whilst the nobles were persons who also believed they had the divine power to stay on top of the social hierarchy and support their superiors in maintaining social order. Because of this, many of the serfs and underclass lived by the Pre-Christian traditions and teachings up till the 1600s (Sauer 156). They lived according to the traditions and principles of the Early Irish, Welsh and English customs which related to fairy tales and Druids as well as other superstitions that were not Biblical.…

The formation of Military orders was the most crucial movement for the establishment of crusader states in the Middle-East. When the crusader states first began to form, they were alone in a foreign land with little in the way of established trade routes and constant infighting due to factions from different kingdoms competing among the crusading armies. The movement could have fallen apart at any moment, but military orders, groups of warrior monks, began to form eager to take on all the…

described in Paradise Lost displays that same idea through the construction and fall of the earth and man. Milton personally believed that political monarchs were tyrants; he defended the execution of Charles I, which later caused him trouble when Charles II became king. Milton’s discontent for tyrants was first displayed by his Satan, “But he who reigns monarch in Heaven, till then as one secure sat on his throne, upheld by old repute, consent, or custom, and his regal state put forth at full,…

The last principality that Machiavelli discusses are ecclesiastical principalities. These principalities, weather acquired by fortune or one’s own capacity, can be held without either. This is because they are sustained by religion. Religion is so all powerful in character that these states will continue to exist no matter how the ruling princes live or behave. In these states, the princes do not defend the states and the people, who are not ruled do no really care and do not alienate themselves…

In the Middle Ages, there were many approaches to medicine. As seen in the series of documents, different societies treated sickness and healing with a unique means. While some people believed in the power of herbs and nature, others believed in godly wrath or praise. These were not the only forms of treatment either. There were methods we still use today, such as bathing and keep hygienic, to drawing diagrams of a human body to deconstruct a patient’s state. We can examine these sources to see…

papal dominion created delusion by mentioning that whoever follows the commandments of popes will be saved from hell - seducing the people with misconception that goodness and salvation lies on their behavior, whether or not they obey the pope. Martin Luther, an Augustinian monk from the Monastery of Wittenberg with a doctorate of theology, considered himself involved in an apocalyptic struggle against the popes. Theoretically, there cannot be any form of communication between…

This essay will be touching on the topic of Charlemagne the Great and how he influenced the church and community through his actions and beliefs. Charlemagne was one of the many people and events that changed the beliefs and values of the church in the middle ages. After the breakup of the Roman Empire in the late 5th century the empire was in chaos for the next 400 years with no stability and centre of authority it was impossible for the kingdom to function. This was until Charlemagne came…

the clergy to Crusaders, they were told “that this war is right and just, and if you have a right intention in conquering this land and bringing it into Roman obedience, those who die after confession shall have part in the indulgence granted by the pope.” Crusaders were not only convinced that their actions were right, but also if they died, the reassurance of indulgence from sinning brought them relief. The Crusaders also fought “for the honor of the Holy Roman Church and the conquest of…

The Breakaway The political unfairness, poor religious leadership, and the corruption of the Catholic Church caused the Protestant Reformation. The unethical, political relationship between the government and the church drove commoners to the Reformation. Luther criticized the German Lords by saying they “do nothing” and “rob” their “subjects” (Doc C). The unjust government manipulated the commoners into handing over their money, allowing the government to live a lavish life of luxury. The…

It is unquestionable that the reign of King Henry VIII was more duplicitous than the reign of Pope Alexander VI, due to Henry’s extremely loathsome and reprehensible behavior during his reign. Henry’s actions took the lives of thousands, as well emotionally traumatized the lives of thousands more. His wives primarily fell victim to Henry’s duplicitous acts as they were the closest to him during his periods of unrest. They regularly feared for their lives, which was a true suspicion for Anne of…