Pope Pius III

unaccompanied by any escort. She discovered a disturbing trend of mentally ill and mentally disable people being routinely imprisoned alongside actual criminals, often as not alongside violent criminals. She began keeping an extensive articulate and astonishingly unedited record of her findings which she published and used to lobby before the Massachusetts state legislature for federal reform and legislation to support and expand hospitals to house mentally ill prisoners. Her efforts not only brought light to the deplorable conditions of criminals and the mentally ill in prisons and asylums, she also lead New York and Rhode Island to initiate similar reforms as well as many other states across throughout the country. Her writings also persuaded Pope Pius IX to initiate hospital reform within the Catholic Church. One week after the start of the Civil War, Dorothea, now sixty years old, volunteered her services to the surgeon general and made plans to form a volunteer nursing corps. With only a short-term projection of the war lasting only a few months the surgeon general refused her services. However, Dorothea still moved to a home in D.C. and began collecting supply donations, this would prove to only be the start of her clashes with army officials. Dix was very careful about which women would be allowed to serve in the nursing corps, having a strict set of regulations on age, physical fitness, and dress, in an attempt to not only to recruit strong-able bodied women and…

called “Constitutions” which more and more gave him power, especially the “Constitution of 1802” which gave him office for life. While also giving him the power to elect his successor which ultimately would eventually be someone from his bloodline. Napoleon was not a man for the better of the Revolution he was a man for himself and for his belief for a weak nation like France was with the ending of the massive Revolution that they had ongoing. One of the main instances from the book that really…

witchcraft and other crimes. Though having trouble to burn Joan to death the English still interrogated her and tried to get her to come to any wrongdoing. After trying for months, the English thought to force her to wear men’s clothing she could be accused for heresy. They gave her men’s clothing and to protect her modesty, Joan put them on knowing that she would be tried and be burned to death because of it. She was then brought in front of inquisitors to be sentenced to death. Then, on May…

was promoted to Prime Minister of Sardinia by Victor’s own doing. E.P. Noether states that “Although Victor Emmanuel did not always agree with him, he recognized that Cavour 's plan helped to strengthen the monarchy and to transform Piedmont-Sardinia into a modern state” (Noether 5). Other revolutionaries like Giuseppe Mazzini were not as successful as Victor and Cavour because they had popularity throughout the states and they both came from respected, wealthy families. However, Mazzini had…

Rodrigo Borgia more famously known as Pope Alexander VI. Pope Alexander IV has been written into history as one of the most scandalous popes of the Renaissance era. His legacy is tarnished with alleged murders, incestuous relationships, and nepotism. Many biographies have been written about Rodrigo chiming in on the scandal involved in his house. There’s even a television drama series in which depicts some of the things that may have transpired…

MIDDLE AGES AND REFORMATION The society of the middle ages was based in a Catholic civilization, though there were tensions between the Church and the emperors. The empire had a huge influence over the Church even in the election of the pope and the bishops. However, a new movement of reform began within the Church that was concretized by Pope Gregory VII. He released a document called Dictatus Papae in which he affirmed among others that the Roman Church was founded by God alone and the Pope…

real presence. Hume says that “were the doctrine of the real presence ever so clearly revealed in scripture, it were directly contrary to the rules of just reasoning to give our assent to it.” (David Hume, “The Essay on Miracles,” Discovering, 95) Hume’s radical ideas on things that could not be proven by reason and the scientific method were in fact false and this set the Church in motion to take a stance. It was people like Hume, the ones that came before him and after him, that concerned…

money to the English. Joan was imprisoned for a while before she was put on trial for dressing like a man and using sword and charged for heresy. But she was put to death in a deal between the English and France to end the Hundred Years War. After she was killed she was praised highly. “Considered a heroine of France for fighting in the Lancastrain phase of The Hundred Years War” (Kekewich 3). The people of France today idolize her. She was very heroic and stood up for her faith when put on…

influential organizations, the Jesuits, were disbanded by the pope on rumors of heresy. The pope, Clement XIV, did not suppress the Jesuits for heresy but for more political reasons. After losing the support of Portugal, he dispersed the Order to appease the French and Spanish rulers in order to save face and keep their support. It has been argued that the pope did this as a result of a series of localized political moves rather his reason being a theological controversy. These localized…

from the first pope Peter the Apostle to the current pope Francis I. There have been popes who have wielded great amounts of power like Innocent III and those who did not wield much power like the modern day popes. There were those who were immoral like Alexander VI and those who were kind hearted with a servant attitude like John Paul II. Throughout the reigns of the 256 popes from Peter to Francis, they were seen as spiritual leaders. For most of them, they were also seen as temporal leaders.…