Pope Martin IV

I am a theist and I believe god does exist which many philosophers like Alfred Russel Wallace, Archbishop Selby, and Sayyid Qutb etc. They try to prove that god is not dead. But I think that the argument for God is dead because there reasons are better even though I think God is not dead. Karl Marx believed that God and religion were running society and was corrupting people. Marx’s opinion was that religion is an illusion that provides reasons and excuses to keep society functioning. Karl Marx…

thousands of Christian warriors as they began the two hundred year battle with the Muslims to take back what they believed was their Holy Land. The Muslims had taken control of this land and put an end to Christian pilgrimages. This incited the furor of Pope Urban II, who declared the war which became known as The Crusades. The long course of this battle greatly affected medieval Europe and its civilization, and continues to stir up conflict and controversy in our world today, as well as…

This essay was written using characters from the book, “The Ugly American”, with the purpose of comparing and contrasting three characters and describing their successes and failures as they apply to the SO imperatives. I have also tied the characters actions and the use of the SO imperatives into some of my own personal experiences while in Special Forces. Ambassador Gilbert Macwhite was my favorite character and was not hard to choose with his simple understanding that the American way of…

The reader will find an eloquently written book. The author begins his story with Pope Urban II speech at the council at Clermont in 1095. Author states, Urban II called for the recovery of Jerusalem from Islam and the need to aid King Alexious I of Byzantine in order to halt the rise of Islam in the Near East. Phillips takes the reader on the crusaders journey that is fraught with successful and dithering Popes, nobles, and commoners who are rarely able to produce a successful military campaign…

In the Middle Ages the Catholic church had a big political role.The fact that it was based more on politics then faith was something that Geoffrey Chaucer thought was wrong. “The Pardoner's Tale” focuses on greed of the characters and the Pardoner's as they used the church to have money and power, revealing the author's characterization of the people in the Middle Ages. They were really politically unstable and greedy. There was a lot of changes to the way society was. Even though it was a…

The Roman and Han Empires were the greatest empires in history. Both empires showed great military forces, strived in economic trade, and their territories covered vasts amounts of land, yet they both had an unfortunate collapse. Although the Roman and Han empires are similar politically and socially in that there was conflict between the statuses there were also differences. In both Imperial Rome and Han China there was a social unrest during the collapses of the empires. The society of the Han…

Martin Luther taught sola scriptura, that exclusively the Scriptures would be taught by the congregation and that salvation can't be acquired by works, however, by faith in and of itself. One of the qualities of this content was the profundity by which…

Emperor Charles V was a Spanish ruler and emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. The painting is of Charles V after his victory at the battle of Muhlberg which won him the Schmalkaldic War, (“Schmalkaldic War (1546–1547)” Encyclopedia.com). Emperor Charles seeked to unite Europe under Roman Catholic but with the rising numbers of Protestants he declared war on Protestantism. Charles V was a failure not only because he failed to unite Europe but because he tried to use religion to control and unite…

Papal Bulls “List Of Papal Bulls” The List Of Papal Bulls is an incomplete catalog of the Papal Bulls, which were issued by the Roman Catholic Church. The 1452 Papal Bull the “Dum Diversas” Issued by Pope Nicholas V. The first papal bull “to seek out and discover” was issued in 1452 and is known as the Dum Diversas. The document gave the king of Portugal Afonso V, the authority to subjugate Muslims, pagans, and other unbelievers. We grant you…

The Carolingian Empire and Ottonian Empire each occurred successively. Starting in the second half of the eighth century with the dynasty known today as Carolingian. Then culminating with the Ottonians as they were being established as the Holy Roman Empire. These empires were located in western Germany, France, and northern Italy. The Carolingian dynasty that was led by Charlemagne and his heirs used illustrated books to better develop Christianity’s exposure among their people which helped…