Pope Martin IV

“Big Brother is watching you,”—similar to the government portrayed in the well-known dystopian novel 1984 by George Orwell, the Catholic Church had thorough control over every aspect of the lowly commoner. Ever since the alleged issue of The Donation of Constantine in the 8th century giving the papacy power of the western Roman Empire, the local church held power over the commoner from preaching to education to local politics (Vauchez 445). With the ability to manipulate the education that…

Many people believe that Mary Tudor was successful in restoring Catholicism in England; on the other hand people may say that she completely failed in trying to restore it. I think that Mary mostly failed because she was successful at turning some people catholic however there were those other people who believed priests should marry and that churches did not need to be that elaborate to be important. There are many ways that Mary may have failed or succeeded, it could be due to: religious…

Middle ages Europe vs medieval japan During the middle ages (476 CE – 14th century) of Europe a feudal system was being created, likewise during the same time in medieval japan a similar feudal system was developing. These two feudal systems were almost identical in the social hierarchy and in jobs however there were differences nether less. Some of the similarities though wold be how similar their feudal pyramid worked. This pyramid consisted of the highest member of the society (king or…

“He cherished the Church of St. Peter at Rome above all other holy places, and heaped its treasury with a vast wealth of gold, silver, and precious stones. He sent countless large gifts to the popes; and throughout his whole reign his most heartfelt wish was to re-establish the ancient authority of Rome under his care and by his influence, and to defend and protect St. Peter’s, beautifying and enriching it himself above all other churches. But…

Empress Theodora and Elizabeth I impacted their respective empire or kingdom by doing the best the could for their homes . During the time they were alive they were very powerful woman . Empress Theodora helped the woman a lot she changed many rules for they could be equal to men . Elizabeth I was very brave she did not care who you were she was not afraid . She was her own person she did not care what others thought of her she did not care that she had no kids or husband she was married to her…

actually fled the Vatican after Pope Julius canceled his commission for Julius’s tomb and did not want to go back. However, he was eventually forced back and commissioned by Pope Julius to paint the Sistine Chapel. He was most likely coerced into painting it because Bramante, the architect, basically said that Michelangelo would not be good enough for the task. He mocked Michelangelo, saying that he would only make a fool of himself and fall out of favor with the Pope…

Medieval Universities In the 13th and 14th centuries amidst the High Middle Ages, the political stability, positive economic conditions, and growth of cities which invigorated the growth and exchange of both goods and ideas lead to the emergence of the first medieval universities in Bologna and Salerno, Italy. The benefits of education resulting from the growth of universities encouraged the revival and growth of thought in the High Middle Ages. The Medieval university testifies to the…

Martin Luther Religious beliefs have never seized to cause conflict within civilizations and societies’. More importantly religion often associates with power and wealth, if one was not born of nobility it was often noted you were someone of low class. It was hard to obtain status even with hard work, Roman Catholic church would often let nobility be obtained through payment if one’s funds were plentiful. Until a man named Martin Luther decided to oppose the Roman…

The leaders would usually elect or choose the successor of the last bishop. This decision is not up to the Pope to decide. The church is still tied with the government until the west Frankish kings lost control over the bishoprics to the territorial princes. During the reign of the Capetian dynasty, most of the counsellors of the kings were the bishops. For…

weary of Catherine and petitioned the pope for permission to end his marriage. The pope refused. After reading some of the reformers writings on the abuses of the Catholic Church and the corrupt practices, he decided that he too would break away from the Catholic Church and form his own church, the Church of England. In this Act of Supremacy, Henry VIII authorized himself not only the King of England, but also the head of the Church of England. The pope furiously complained, but now since…