Pope John XXIII

social structure of feudalism, the only power over the king’s authority was the Catholic Church. The decisions taken by the Church were not questioned by the civilians because they were to believe that these were messages sent by God directly to the Pope. Medieval times were characterized by the lack of authority and the power local lords had to apply the law among their civilians. “Feudalism was not only a system…

by the Pope at Christmas 800 are an influential part of Medieval history. Barraclough (1976) explains the factors in why Charlemagne did not want to be crowned emperor. The reasons lay in the events that were happening in Italy in 800. The first and foremost reason is that the idea of being crowned emperor did not come from Charlemagne at all. It is said, by his biographer Einhard, that Charlemagne would not have attended the service at the church on St. Peters if he had known of the Popes…

Byzantine Empire The Byzantine Empire referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire in the East during the late antiquity and the middle ages. It survived the fragmentation and fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD and continued to exist for an additional thousand years until it fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1953. In most of its existence the empire was powerful in economic, cultural and military force in Europe. Both Byzantine Empire and…

small, not all at once. (Brittanica.) What came out of The Enlightenment were books, inventions, actual scientific discoveries and even laws and wars. Early Enlightenment thinkers included Thomas Hobbes, an English philosopher best known politically. John Locke was also huge help during this era, he believed that human nature and knowledge were gained through time and experience in the world. These thinkers differences and agreements is what makes The Enlightenment so enlightening and amazing to…

Humanities 1020 Study Guide Chapter 15-17. Identify each in complete sentences: 1. Council of Trent The main principal of the counter reformation, the Council of Trent was one of the Roman Catholic Church’s most regal councils 2. Jesuits A member of the Society of Jesus, which was a Roman Catholic order of priests, founded by Ignatius Loyola 3. Ignatius Loyola Ignatius Loyola was the founder of the Society of Jesus 4. Counter Reformation The reaction of the Catholic Church to the Protestant…

he indicates that the Pope did not think that how the authority is going to interpret the scriptures. The conference ended in shouting match which started his ultimate excommunication from the church. Through 1519, he continues to write to the lectures and Wittenberg. In June and July of that year he declared that it does not give the exclusive right to interpret the scriptures publicly Bible, attacked directly to the authority of the pope to pope. Finally, in 1520, the pope issued a final…

Western, Eastern and Orthodox Church) and the Great Western Schism (saw the Catholic Church break off into Protestant Churches including the Lutherans, Calvinists and the Church of England). The Renaissance and the Great Western Schism involving three popes claiming to be the church’s authority led to loss of respect for the church, questioning and challenging attitudes to tradition and authority (scepticism). The Council of Trent was established to respond to issues raised during the…

William Bradford carefully documented the reasons that his religious sect migrated so far from home in his book Bradford’s History of Plymouth Plantation. The “Pilgrims”, as Bradford named his spiritual peers, eventually traversed the Atlantic motivated by two main factors. Their perceived belief in the failure of the English Reformation was the first factor. The second factor was as a result of the issues that arose when they sought religious freedom in places outside of England. These factors…

Christianity: Overlooked Impact of Martin Luther (1483-1546) Many Christians today are unaware of the influence Martin Luther has had of the way people, government, and the Church viewed and continue to recognize God’s truth and Christianity. His groundwork began in the sixteenth century and continues today, Christianity’s heritage in America was revolutionized by Luther, (exasperated by the coldhearted and parody that religious leaders had on people), he worked diligently to spread Theological…

they waged a war was so they could gain more control. The Pope Urban ll declared the First Crusade in 1095 AD by giving the most influential speech of the Middle Ages, which had made an huge impact. Due to the speech the Crusades had risen by calling all the Christians in Europe to war against all Muslims. Which was supposed to happen in order for them to regain the control they needed. Then Urban the protégé of the great reformer Pope Gregory Vll had made internal…