Pope John XXI

Catholic Reformation This writer thinks the first major event that leads to the Catholic Reformation was the Protestant Reformation. The Protestant Reformation started by Luther questioned doctrine, and the practices of the Church. During that time many educated Catholics wanted change the perceived wrongful practices performed by the Church. Furthermore, with the many questions raised and printed by Martin Luther and the printing of the Bible in modern languages such as German and Greek,…

The Age of Exploration and the Protestant Reformation had made great influences on the spread of printing presses throughout Europe. The spread of printing presses influenced writers, explorers and artists. Before the press, everything was expensive and hand written. There were only a few copies of everything. Explorers in the 1400s and 1500s had few, hand drawn, unrealistic maps to base their travel and explorations off of. Although the printing press made major consequences on both exploration…

In today’s world, when people hear the name Martin Luther, they think of a man who nailed the 95 Theses to the church door and created the Protestant church. However, Luther never actually nailed anything to a door, and it was never his intention to create his own church. Actually, several of the matters Luther caused were not his intention. So, what exactly did Luther do to make himself so significant that the world still remembers him today? Obviously, he inspired the creation of the Lutheran…

The reader will find an eloquently written book. The author begins his story with Pope Urban II speech at the council at Clermont in 1095. Author states, Urban II called for the recovery of Jerusalem from Islam and the need to aid King Alexious I of Byzantine in order to halt the rise of Islam in the Near East. Phillips takes the reader on the crusaders journey that is fraught with successful and dithering Popes, nobles, and commoners who are rarely able to produce a successful military campaign…

In the Middle Ages the Catholic church had a big political role.The fact that it was based more on politics then faith was something that Geoffrey Chaucer thought was wrong. “The Pardoner's Tale” focuses on greed of the characters and the Pardoner's as they used the church to have money and power, revealing the author's characterization of the people in the Middle Ages. They were really politically unstable and greedy. There was a lot of changes to the way society was. Even though it was a…

The Roman and Han Empires were the greatest empires in history. Both empires showed great military forces, strived in economic trade, and their territories covered vasts amounts of land, yet they both had an unfortunate collapse. Although the Roman and Han empires are similar politically and socially in that there was conflict between the statuses there were also differences. In both Imperial Rome and Han China there was a social unrest during the collapses of the empires. The society of the Han…

expressed the true essence behind a true Christian faith and how to live it. Due to the wickedness he saw in the Roman Curia, Luther dedicated a letter to Pope Leo X because he was surrounded by those doing such wickedness. Luther even writes that “Satan himself should be the pope, for he is the one who appeared to be ruling more than” Pope Leo X…

How the Protestant Reformation Affected Foreign Relations. At a time when the only Christian religion was Catholicism, all of Europe was Catholic. That is until Martin Luther sparked the Protestant Reformation with his ninety-five suggestions on how the church could be reformed. Once Henry VIII decided to divorce Catherine of Aragon and create the Anglican Church, he effectively cut Great Britain off from the rest of Europe. This severing of religious ties with other nations was both beneficial…

In the beginning of the 16th century, Europe went through a major turning point in history, which was known as the Reformation. This event was triggered by the many people that were highly critical of the clergy and even the Church itself. Back in the 13th century, the Church was damaged and questioned upon because of the Babylonian Captivity and the Great Schism. These two events tie up with the Protestant Reformation and questioned about the authority of the Church. Martin Luther and Zwingli…

The horrors and aftermath of World War I shook European Protestantism to its core. The promises and hopes of Protestant liberalism seen in the nineteenth century evaporated as Europe, seen as the cradle of Christendom, moved beyond Christendom. In this gap, what were once strongholds of Protestantism such as Germany, Scandinavia, and Great Britain witnessed a rise in secularism and skepticism. The theological response to the rise of secularism is seen in the work of Karl Barth, the son of a…