Polymerase chain reaction

• West: Assessment of CCI of various stopper, vial, and stopper blowback feature combinations. Samples with air headspace stored in nitrogen environment for four weeks: 5 of 240 samples showed evidence of a leak (drop in oxygen concentration between 1.3% and 3.4% atm). Results used by West for marketing poster. CCIT, Dry Ice • BioMarin: 130 glass vials with liquid (diluent) stored for two weeks on dry ice. Correction of total pressure measurement for carbon dioxide ingress into positive…

Through the practical, it was possible to determine the effect of certain toxins on ciliary movement using paramecium as an organism model. As Figure 1 shows, all the toxins have a different effect on paramecium velocity and therefore on ciliary activity. According to Fig. 1 paramecium speed is inversely proportional to time. After the addition of Ni2+ (toxin A) at approximately 0.1Mm (0.099), the velocity of paramecium decreased gradually until it fully stopped after 1800 seconds (Fig. 1). It…

2.5.5 Western blotting Western blotting was done to separate and identify the size of proteins that react with a specific antibody. After the proteins was transferred onto the PVDF membrane, it was incubated in 5% blocking solution for 1 h at room temperature with constant swirling with belly dancer (Storall Life Science). The blocking of the membrane is to prevent the nonspecific binding of the detection antibodies during next step. After that, washing of membrane was done by using 0.05% TBST…

Antonie-Laurent Lavoisier was born on August 26, 1743 in France’s capital city, Paris. One of his major discoveries was the founding of the law of conservation of mass. This law states the weights of reagents and products are conserved through any chemical reactions. This is demonstrated through his combustion experiments. He pointed out that combustion requires air, since the reactants are weighed heavier than its products. This disproved the ideas of phlogiston. During the 1700s, people…

After thymol blue was added, the pH-buffered samples developed the colors of red, yellow, green, and blue as the pH of the solutions increased (Figure 3.1A). The pH-2 buffer turned to a light red-pink color, while pH-3 to pH-6 displayed very similar forms of rich yellow or light orange (Figure 3.1A). The neutral pH buffer solution appeared as a saffron green colored solution (Figure 3.1A). A mixture of yellow and green was apparent in the dijon color of the pH-8 buffer (Figure 3.1A). The buffer…

Insert Title Insert Subtitle By: Shawana Khokher ID # 20580504 Lab Partner: Dana Tucci Teaching Assistants: Katarina Vuckovic & Monica Gromala Section # 003 BIOL 130L (B2 149) Tuesday (9:30am -12:20pm) Date of Experiment: 21/10/2014 INTRODUCTION The purpose of spectroscopy is to observe the relationship between substances in a solvent, and the associated absorbance and transmittance through a range of concentrations (Lothian & Twyman, 1969). However, one must understand…

Triangulene, a chemical similar to graphene, has long been thought to be unable to be synthesized due to its instability. A team from IBM, however, has figured out a way to create this elusive molecule. Triangulene is a flat molecule made of six carbon rings structured in the shape of a triangle. The problem with synthesizing this molecule is that it contains unpaired electrons in two of its outer carbons. These free electrons cause the molecule to oxidize almost instantly as these electrons…

For the specific sample that you used, briefly explain why you think that the purity was not 100%. The scraps of aluminium were not pure because of the oxidation of the surface of the container along with the coats of paint and plastic that covered the aluminum. Name two other aluminum containing substances with which you are familiar that could be analyzed by the method used in this experiment. Two other substance that contain aluminum that could be analyzed using this experiment are window…

The mixture of salt and sand is heterogenous and their physical properties can be used to separate it. To separate sand and NaCl it must be diluted with water then filtrated using filter paper. The residual water is full of dissolved NaCl since NaCl is water soluble. The NaCl can dissolve in water because of water’s emergent property; versatility as a solvent. Because water is polar, it can break apart other molecules until the molecules are bonded with water. To separate the soluble NaCl from…

How does thermochemistry look? Thermochemistry is the different kind of energy’s. When cold water touches hot water the water temperature changes. Thermochemistry does not have a shape of form, like air you can’t see it but you can feel it. Thermochemistry happens in our body as well, when the body exercises it releases negative energy and that makes your body tired that make negative energy. Positive energy happens when you eat food your body makes it energy for you to use as the day happens.…