Polymer chemistry

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    The chemistry behind polymers, the substance from which plastic is made, is very important in the everyday lives of the average person. To start, “The simplest definition of a polymer is a useful chemical made of many repeating units” (“The Basics”). Further, polymers are not limited to just plastics, but all types of plastic are polymers (“Plastics”). Some examples of polymers include cellulose and DNA (“Plastics”). Plastics are used everywhere in life today, and understanding the way that they are formed is important to understand, as it connects to modern issues such as recycling. Notably, polymers can be composed of a variety of different organic materials, most of which include carbon. The building blocks of polymers, called monomers,…

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    The Aerospace Industry

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    Aeronautical materials must possess a high Young’s modulus to prevent shape deformation under stress, high resistance to chemical and thermal degradation, high glass transition temperature (Tg), impact strength, amongst numerous others which are more task specific.3 Advancements in polymer chemistry have resulted in a large number of aircraft moving from metallic materials to composite for their primary structures. The definition of a composite states that it is a new material with superior…

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    Importance Of Polymers

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    Polymer - A word, which is connote for large molecules (that a molecule made from simple repeating units called monomers). The monomers are main building block of polymers. Polymers play an essential and ubiquitous role in everyday human life because of the extraordinary range of properties. Polymers are among the most widely used and important type of materials today. Polymers have been with us from the beginning of time; they form the very basis (building blocks) of life. Animals, plants all…

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    Pectin Lab Report

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    Pectin yield was determined as weight of dry pectin against the weight of initial residues multiplied by 100%. Y=100(P/Bi) Where Y is the extracted pectin yield (%), P is the amount of extracted pectin in grams and Bi is the initial amount of sweet potato residues used to extract pectin. Equivalent weight and Degree of methoxylation The equivalent weight was determined according to the method by Barretina et al., (Barretina et al. 2012). 0.25g pectin was wetted with 5ml ethanol and topped…

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    upper and lower spectrum. In the upper spectrum for the region of 2000 – 3600 cm-1, O-H stretching (3100 – 3600 cm-1) and C-H stretching (2850 – 2930 cm-1) could be observed. Meanwhile, carrageenan has a few stretching that mark its functional groups in the lower region of spectrum (below 1000 cm-1). In the lower region, the spectrum shows the presence of C-O-S (galactose) stretching at 840 – 860 cm-1, S=O at 1180 – 1280 cm-1 and C-O-C (3,6-anhydrogalactose) stretching at 880 – 940 cm-1 (Martins…

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    Important aspects for polymers and conjugated drugs A choice of anticancer drugs have been conjugated with polymers, including anthracycline antibiotics, antimetabolites, platinum analogues, alkylating agents, as well as peptides, proteins and enzymes (Meng, and El-Deiry, 2002). The main requirement for a candidate drug in this field is the drug minimum effective concentration. For example, if the minimum effective concentration needs to be ~10 '3 M for a drug with a molecular weight of -50 kDa,…

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    Plastics are a material currently being used all around the world. As the production of this synthetic polymer has increased, it has become almost impossible to completely avoid interaction with a plastic material. With the discovery of this practical material, positives and negatives were discovered too. Plastics have a strong effect on the environment and human health. During manufacturing, additives are put in that can be harmful to each of these important aspects. Due to their synthetic…

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    Polymerisation Essay

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    Part C Question 1 Addition polymerization In addition polymerization, polymer is formed by addition monomer without eliminating any product at specified temperature, pressure and presence of catalyst. Different methods of addition polymerization are free radical polymerization, cationic polymerization, anionic polymerization and coordination polymerization. Mainly addition polymerization occurs in the monomers having double bound. This process has three stages initiation, propagation,…

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    Bouncy Ballss Lab Report

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    Bouncy balls are made up of Polymers, which are made up of many small units of monomers, that go through the process of Polymerization to become Polymers. People can see such polymers all around them like rubber, wool, silk etc. Polymers have unique properties that allow chemist’s and scientists to mix different types of polymers with each other to form new ones. In the lab Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc), Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA), and Sodium Borate were used to make and design the bouncy balls. The…

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    Organics polymers are emerging materials in various optical and optoelectronic applications due to their superior properties over conventional inorganic materials. For example, devices made out of organic polymers can be flexible, have better mechanical stability on impact, light weight and significantly effective in the cost of manufacturing. Due to these alluring properties, organic polymers are becoming extremely important in applications such as transparent/flexible optoelectronics,…

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