Polydipsia

Case Study A 14-year-old girl and her mother came into the emergency room with concerns of the child experiencing lethargy, polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, and weight loss, even though she has been eating. The mother also mentioned that the patient’s breath has been smelling “fruity”. After further examination, it was determined that she has a high heart rate and high blood pressure. Evaluation of her arteries determined that the high blood pressure is being caused by atherosclerosis. The…

Pathophysiology of Type I IDDM and Type II NIDDM Type I Insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) and Type II Non-Insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) are two separate pathophysiological features that separate them from one another. Type I Insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) "results from immune-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas" (Kantárová, 2007, p. 1). Individuals that are genetically susceptible to IDDM produce autoantibodies that becomes…

insulin in the blood means inadequate amounts of glucose leading to high blood sugar level. NIDDM is a genetic disease that usually occurs in children or young adults, there is no cure found yet, but it can be managed. Symptoms may include polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, dry skin, losing weight, blurry eyesight, and hyperglycemia. Type II Insulin Dependent Diabetes (IDDM) is also a chronic disease due to the inadequate amount of insulin production or insulin resistance has occurred. In this…

“transmembrane protein called aquaporin that open up to allow water into collecting ducts” (Mandal, 2013, p. 1). In Neurogenic (Central) DI, extremely low ADH is unable to prevent the kidney from passing dilute urine resulting in polyuria and manifesting in polydipsia. The elevated sodium serum level is an indication of dehydration due to the lack of ADH resulting in an imbalance between sodium and water concentration in the…

History of Present Problem: The patient is a 40-year-old Caucasian female who presents to clinic accompanied by her husband for evaluation and treatment of left ankle pain. The patient was involved in a motor vehicle accident at age 19 and sustained an open fracture and dislocation of left bi-malleolar ankle fracture as well as a torn right anterior cruciate (ACL). She underwent an open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) of the left ankle fracture emergently. After the left ankle healed, a right…

glucose or blood sugar due to any of the following reasons. Either insulin production is inadequate, the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both. The classic signs and symptoms of diabetes includes polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (frequent thirst) and polyphagia (frequent hunger). Diabetes is not age or gender specific however, as one gets older their risk becomes higher, especially if one is overweight or has…

a. This patient could have diabetes insipidus, which is a disorder of insufficient ADH activity. This can lead to frequent urination, and in this patient’s case frequent drinking. Diabetes insipidus has two forms, neurogenic or central DI or nephrogenic DI. Neurogenic DI is caused by inadequate secretion of ADH. It occurs when there is an interference with the ADH synthesis, transport, or release. It is most often associated with complications of closed head injuries. Neurogenic DI is also…

in controlling her blood sugars over the same period. Her glucometer typically shows blood sugars ranging between 300-400 mg/dL and she says that they peaked at a critical range (above 500) two times yesterday. She has been experiencing polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia similar to the period when she was first diagnosed. Other medical history includes hypertension and polycystic ovarian syndrome. The patient has no allergies and takes glargine insulin…

2.2 Risk Factors Genetics has a strong impact on atherosclerosis, however only a fraction of cases are due to Mendelian disorders, such as LDL receptor gene mutations. Familial traits that predispose an individual to atherosclerosis include conditions such as, hypertension and diabetes and inflammatory disorders (Crowther, 2005, Falk, 2006, Kumar, 2010). Age also plays a role, as individuals between 40 to 60 years of age are at elevated risk of manifesting atherosclerosis, whilst ischemic heart…

another according to technical factors. According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), a diagnosis of diabetes is warranted if one of the three following criteria is met: 1. Classic symptoms - increased urination (polyuria), increased thirst (polydipsia), and unexplained weight loss - plus random (any) blood glucose greater than or equal to 200…