Pneumonia

a) Haemothorax: Usually happen due to trauma. Nonetheless it can be of a blood clotting defect, thoracic/heart surgery, death of lung tissue, lung cancer, tear in a blood vessel when placing a CVC central venous catheter or TB tuberculosis. Pathophysiology is the body has a blunt trauma then because of the internal injures the body starts to loose blood/plasma and it causes shock and the body begins to shut down and the breathing reduces, weakens and diminishes and HR/pulse drops. Clinical…

Care Unit (ICU) patients (Commission, The Joint).” CAP-1, O2 assessment allows for an assessment using a pulse oximetry or arterial blood gas (ABG) as a diagnostic tool. Radiological signs are considered the most specific indicator of bacterial pneumonia (MP, 2015;6). CAP-2, Pneumococcal screening/vaccination is done because according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the use of the influenza vaccine and use of the pneumococcal vaccine are major preventive measures of CAP…

INTRODUCTION Two significantly important highly pathogenic infection diseases namely Legionellosis and Influenza remains even today a threat to global health. They can cause severe community-acquired pneumonia with respiratory failure but they can also generate hospital-acquired infections.1 Moreover Legionella infection could attribute to influenza infection. The cause of influenza was definitively resolved back in 1930s with the isolation of swine influenza; a virus which when administered…

effect a large portion of the population. These infections typically range from mild to moderate in severity, however life-threatening cases can occur. Frequently, complications associated with influenza infections are due to secondary bacterial pneumonia predominately caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Staphylococcus aureus (Rynda-Apple, Robinson, & Alcorn, 2015). Many efforts to resolve this pathology have focused on the immunomoldulatory effects incurred during the primary influenza…

After vaping for about three months, a woman had to be admitted to the hospital because of a chronic cough. The 31-year-old did not have prior history with long disease, and the doctors say that she contracted a rare form of pneumonia from using the electronic cigarettes. After being admitted to the hospital, she soon had respiratory failure, and doctors had to place her on a ventilator. In Vermont, there was a report of a 60-year-old male who experienced acute lung injury. According to the…

emergency department the patient was placed on a cardiac monitor and an EKG was performed along with a chest x-ray. The chest x-ray showed bilateral lower right and middle left lobe pneumonia. Lactate level 2.2, white blood cell count 3.1 with 83% neutrophils and no bands. BNP 96.7. Urinalysis shows UTI. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) as defined in N. Garin’s article “Predictors and Implications of Early Clinical Stability in Patients Hospitalized for Moderately Severe…

Montreal Children’s Hospital with a significant fever and persistent signs of respiratory distress. With the confirmation of an x-ray and a respiratory assessment, the doctor came to the diagnosis of lower left pneumonia and bronchiolitis.…

The pathophysiological mechanisms involved with ventilator-associated pneumonia or VAP is correlated with bacteria flowing through the endotracheal tube, allowing a direct route to enter a person’s lungs. Studies suggest the principle risk-factor for the development VAP relies on the utilization of the endotracheal tube or ETT (Mietto MD et.al, 2013). Usually after 12 hours of intubation, bacteria that is specifically act as contaminated oropharyngeal secretions may often accumulate through the…

Introduction Sepsis, meningitis, and pneumonia are all caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, a gram positive pathogen. The majority of fatalities caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae are in children under five years and adults over sixty-five years. Unlike many other pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae is prevalent in both well- and under-developed countries. Antibiotics and vaccines are constantly being developed to combat Streptococcus pneumoniae, as new strains evolve and resistance increases.…

chest x-ray he has an area that is consistent with pneumonia. Although not specified, consolidations in chest x-rays regarding pneumonias is typically caused by bacterial infection (Copstead & Banasik, 2013). Bacterial infection of the lungs can travel and spread around surrounding organs especially the heart. Bacterial infection of the heart can lead to myocarditis (Professional Guide to Pathophysiology, 2011). Especially when mycoplasma pneumonia travels to the heart it can destroy muscle…