Plausible deniability

Kennedy and the Cold War The purpose of this essay is to highlight several pivotal and historic events that occurred in President John F. Kennedy’s short term in office (1961-1963). The events to be discussed will be the Bay of Pigs invasion, The Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Berlin Crisis. Anyone of these events had the potential capability to catapult the free world into a war with the Soviet Union. The Bay of Pigs Invasion The first discussion and planning for the Bay of Pig 's invasion were…

non-physical harassment for me, with very light physical harassment whenever teachers weren’t looking (like tripping me up in the hallway, or prodding me with pencils/rulers whenever I sat within pointy-object range). They were very concerned about plausible deniability, the bastards. They never did anything that would get them in real trouble, and it was always my word against theirs. My tormentors got around their relative harmlessness by turning the situation into a numbers game – they…

point, Kennedy requested that Bissell reduce the scope of the operation, saying that JMARC was: “Too spectacular; it sounds like D-Day. You have to reduce the noise level of this thing.” (Wyden, pg. 4-5) Kennedy was determined to maintain plausible deniability for the American involvement in the operation in case of failure, so he instructed Bissell to reduce the air support from 16 B-26 bombers to 8, and to remove the naval barrage support from the invasion plan.(Wyden, pg. 15) Kennedy also…

while under the World Bank’s project (Kenrick, Forest Peoples Programme, 2014, p. 1). The World Bank did not investigate the matter officially until after the project closing date (Bolvaran, 2014, p. 7). They seem to be taking a stand of plausible deniability, but over such a long time span, it seems a bit far-fetched that they had no idea what was…

At the heart of Mark Danner's graphic and eye-opening historical novel, The Massacre at El Mozote, is an ideological battle between communism and capitalism. By backing the right-wing El Salvadoran government and military, the United States became an active and willing participant in one of the bloodiest single massacres in Central American history. The massacres at El Mozote, La Joya, La Guacamaya and Arambala killed nearly 1,000 peasants. The group most responsible for these atrocities was the…

The issue of whether or not torture is an effective and appropriate means of extracting information from subjects has been pondered for centuries. More so than ever before, the interrogation tactics used by the CIA after September 11, 2001 have been the subject of intense scrutiny. In the aftermath of the terrorist attacks on 9/11, the CIA ramped up its efforts to acquire human intelligence information deemed vital to United States national security. The compelling need to acquire information…

In the previous critical analysis on the first few chapters of Katherine Boo’s novel, ‘Behind the Beautiful Forever’, discussions were related to the general socioeconomic constraints slum dwellers face in Mumbai. This second critical analysis of chapters five through eight will focus specifically on the development obstacles of a young Muslim slum dweller, which led a simple argument amongst neighbors to result in a false conviction. While the method of discerning the development obstacles is…

Through the Enuma Elish and Thorkild Jacobsen's interpretation of the Enuma Elish, one beings to understand the linearity of the development of the gods. Beginning from the primordial beings, Abzu and Tiamat, the sweetwater and the ocean water. The infinite expanses which fills the void of nothingness. It is not until their intermingling the next pair of primordial beings Lahamu and Lahmu are created. Lahamu the primordial daughter and her brother Lahmu who are suggested to represent a sea-bed…

In 2012, a survey assessing children born in 2004 discovered that 1 in 68 children had been diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (CDC). This statistic shows how unlikely it would be for someone to go their entire life without meeting at least one person diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. Yet despite these high numbers, autistic individuals are rarely present in modern media. There are few books and movies that depict autistic characters, and those that do often use the disorder as…

1. What is the Utility of Escalation as a Crisis Response Strategy? As it relates to crises, escalation can be referred to as the state of a crisis situation becoming more volatile, tense and uncertain. This typically comes as a result of more hostile rhetoric or expansion of military actions. As a crisis escalates generally the stakes at risk for the involved states likewise increases and thus escalation is a notion that is avoided when the situation permits it, certainly while on the defensive…